Tongxinluo promotes endothelium-dependent arteriogenesis to attenuate diabetic peripheral arterial disease

Figure 1 Experimental design. Tongxinluo (TXL) improved hindlimb appearance and restored blood flow in mice. A: Hindlimb vasculature; B: Ligation site; C: Timeline of the experimental operations; D: The appearance of ischemic hindlimbs in mice 4 wk after surgery; E: The limb appearance scores of mice, assessed weekly after surgery; F: Laser Doppler perfusion imaging was performed before and after surgery and on postoperative Days 7, 14, 21, and 28; G: Quantification of tissue perfusion in the ischemic limb (red box) is expressed as a percentage of perfusion in the nonischemic limb. The data are presented as the means ± SDs. ^aP < 0.05 compared with the model group, ^bP < 0.05 compared with the TXL-L group, n = 4-8. TXL: Tongxinluo.