Effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine decoction for diabetic gastroparesis: A network meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of the studies included in this network meta-analysis

	Study	Year	Country	Sample size		Gender(M/F)	Mean age (yr)		Course of disease(yr)		Intervention		Treatment time (mo)	Outcome
				EG	CG		EG	CG	EG	CG	EG	CG
1	Zhu and Mei[46]	2022	China	61	61	68/54	63.08	62.76	4.62 ± 1.08	4.35 ± 1.21	BXXD + WM	WM	1	ab
2	Zhang and Huo [47]	2021	China	63	62	72/53	61.25	60.25	0.3-7	0.5-6	BXXD + WM	WM	1	bcd
3	Tan[48]	2021	China	36	36	37/35	58.06	55.72	-	-	BXXD	WM	3	abcde
4	Zhang and Yang[49]	2020	China	42	42	47/37	56.18	57.21	3.01 ± 1.25	2.94 ± 1.37	BXXD	WM	1	a
5	Li et al[50]	2020	China	31	31	32/30	55.4	57.7	11.7 ± 1.6	10.9 ± 3.9	BXXD + WM	WM	3	abf
6	Gao[51]	2020	China	40	40	42/38	57.04	56.96	4.65 ± 1.38	4.39 ± 1.64	BXXD + WM	WM	1	af
7	Wang[52]	2019	China	40	40	47/33	58.5	59.9	-	-	BXXD	WM	1	acf
8	Fan[53]	2019	China	84	84	96/72	61.3	58.7	2.7 ± 0.6	2.9 ± 0.8	BXXD	WM	1	a
9	Zhou et al[54]	2018	China	35	35	41/29	45.99	45.92	3.68 ± 0.43	3.54 ± 0.36	BXXD	WM	1	abde
10	Wang et al[55]	2018	China	46	44	41/49	45.21	45.11	2.67 ± 0.77	2.62 ± 0.75	BXXD + WM	WM	1	abi
11	Liu[56]	2018	China	25	25	21/29	51.5	51.4	8.2 ± 1.4	8.1 ± 1.5	BXXD + WM	WM	1	af
12	Han et al[57]	2018	China	29	29	31/27	52.7	52.10	3.26 ± 1.83	3.04 ± 1.50	BXXD + WM	WM	1	a
13	Wang[58]	2016	China	44	43	53/34	48.1	47.6	-	-	BXXD + WM	WM	1	afi
14	Zhao and Zhang[59]	2014	China	30	30	30/30	51.49	48.6	3-14	0.3-14	BXXD + WM	WM	1	ade
15	Lu and Xu[60]	2014	China	30	31	32/29	54.16	53.79	-	-	BXXD	WM	0.5	cg
16	Zhang and Fu[61]	2013	China	38	38	39/37	58.4	59.7	2.6 ± 1.8	2.8 ± 1.7	BXXD	WM	1	ag
17	Li[62]	2013	China	22	20	23/19	54.2	56.9	1.13 ± 0.51	0.16-1.6	BXXD	WM	1	afi
18	Wang[63]	2011	China	30	26	33/23	54.5	53.8	6.3 ± 2.5	6.8 ± 3.6	BXXD	WM	1	ab
19	Zou and Pan[64]	2009	China	24	24	27/21	54	55.17	2.78 ± 2.18	3.12 ± 2.13	BXXD	WM	1	a
20	Zhou[65]	2005	China	43	43	39/47	53.01	51.13	10.10 ± 3.22	10.21 ± 2.71	BXXD	WM	1	a
21	Liang[66]	2022	China	30	30	34/26	56.23	57.33	9.12 ± 3.11	8.29 ± 2.69	XSLJZD + WM	WM	1	abc
22	Zhang et al[67]	2021	China	64	64	47/81	51.84	50.57	(8.93 ± 1.05) mo	(9.14 ± 1.24) mo	XSLJZD + WM	SBS + WM	1	bcdeg
23	Chen[68]	2018	China	40	40	46/34	67.94	68.1	-	-	XSLJZD	WM	1.5	a
24	Guo et al[69]	2017	China	24	24	30/18	54.36	56.85	(16.4 ± 0.6) d	(16.9 ± 0.7) d	XSLJZD	WM	2	af
25	Yu et al[70]	2016	China	35	35	38/22	57.86	56.4	-	-	XSLJZD + WM	WM	1	ab
26	Chen et al[71]	2016	China	78	78	61/95	50.31	52.41	1.29 ± 0.47	1.31 ± 0.22	XSLJZD	WM	1	afi
27	Fu et al[72]	2014	China	40	40	44/36	70.2	69.9	4.3 ± 1.3	4.6 ± 1.5	XSLJZD + WM	WM	1	ace
28	Wen[73]	2012	China	44	43	48/39	55.6	54	(14.8 ± 5.2) d	(15.3 ± 5.3) d	XSLJZD	WM	2	ai
29	Cai[74]	2011	China	27	27	29/25	60.23	59.35	-	-	XSLJZD + WM	WM	1	abi
30	Hou et al[75]	2010	China	56	56	87/25	49.0-84.0	48.5-83.5	0.66-2.42	0.58-2.25	XSLJZD	WM	2	abf
31	Lu[76]	2009	China	48	46	52/42	53.3	52.8	-	-	XSLJZD	WM	1	ab
32	Chu et al[77]	2017	China	50	50	46/54	65.7	66	(15 ± 4) mo	(16 ± 6) mo	SMD + WM	WM	1.5	abcdei
33	Wang[78]	2014	China	70	70	78/62	71.4	71.4	15.2	15.2	SMD	WM	1	a
34	Wang[79]	2011	China	22	22	27/17	46.1	46.1	5.3 ± 2.0	5.3 ± 2.0	SMD	WM	1.25	aci
35	Sun et al[80]	2007	China	51	50	-	56.7	55.6	6.1 ± 4.1	6.4 ± 3.6	SMD	WM	1	ai
36	Sun and Gao[81]	2007	China	21	20	20/21	48.3	49.4	-	-	SMD	WM	1	ai
37	Qiu and Liu[82]	2005	China	40	38	47/31	57.3	58	-	-	SMD	WM	1	abi
38	Liu and Cai[83]	2017	China	32	34	39/28	44.55	42.67	(15.61 ± 6.66) mo	(16.02 ± 7.12) mo	ZSXPD + WM	WM	1	af
39	Qiu et al[84]	2016	China	78	78	80/76	62.21	62.21	15.37 ± 7.25	15.37 ± 7.25	ZSXPD	WM	1	adg
40	Lu[85]	2012	China	59	59	65/53	56.42	54.63	6.81 ± 2.57	5.97 ± 2.75	ZSXPD	WM	1	acde
41	Zhao et al[86]	2010	China	33	30	28/35	63.2	61.9	16.30 ± 7.52	18.10 ± 7.9	ZSXPD	WM	1	abcdeg
42	Yang and Li[87]	2010	China	30	30	39/21	56.73	56.76	7.57 ± 2.48	7.85 ± 2.74	ZSXPD	WM	1	aig
43	Li[88]	2021	China	20	20	22/18	56.42	56.34	6.35 ± 1.29	6.23 ± 1.34	CSLJD + WM	WM	1	acfi
44	Wang and Hou[89]	2019	China	31	31	34/28	53.3	53.6	(4-16) mo	(6-18) mo	CSLJD	WM	1	acf
45	Jiao[90]	2019	China	57	57	59/55	57.52	56.97	(10.43 ± 2.15) mo	(10.37 ± 2.18) mo	CSLJD + WM	WM	0.75	cf
46	Jin[91]	2016	China	50	50	41/59	53.2	54.2	(4-16) mo	(5-17) mo	CSLJD	WM	0.75	acfi
47	Zou[92]	2009	China	40	38	35/43	61.15	60.89	(10.17 ± 4.53) mo	(9.97 ± 4.21) mo	CSLJD	WM	1	acfi
48	Lil[93]	2022	China	30	30	37/23	51.16	52.08	8.45 ± 2.16	8.13 ± 2.72	CQWD	WM	1	abcefi
49	Liu[94]	2021	China	49	49	51/47	53.42	52.83	5.16 ± 1.19	5.12 ± 1.25	CQWD	WM	1	abf
50	Hu[95]	2021	China	50	50	56/44	62.9	63.6	6.3 ± 1.3	6.5 ± 1.4	CQWD	WM	1	abcdg
51	Xu et al[96]	2020	China	69	69	75/63	51.24	51.24	0.83 ± 0.12	0.84 ± 0.13	CQWD	WM	1	abcefi
52	Yao et al[97]	2019	China	45	44	-	51.8	52.2	5.26 ± 0.75	4.81 ± 0.35	CQWD	WM	1	abg
53	Tian[98]	2017	China	48	48	63/33	52.5	53.2	-	-	JPXZD	WM	1	abcef
54	Li[99]	2017	China	47	47	35/59	56.2	51.2	8.27 ± 1.48	9.17 ± 2.74	JPXZD	WM	1	abcef
55	An and Wang[100]	2016	China	56	56	59/53	50.4	52.1			JPXZD	WM	1	acef
56	Lan and Yao[101]	2015	China	47	49	53/43	51.6	52.3	-	-	JPXZD	WM	1	abcef

WM: Western medicine; BXXD: Banxia Xiexin Decoction; XSLJZD: Xiangshaliujunzi Decoction; SMD: Simo decoction; ZSXPD: ZhiShiXiaoPi decoction; CSLJD: Chaishaoliujun Decoction; CQWD: Chaiqin-Wendan Decoction; JPXZD: Jianpi Xiaozhi Decoction. EG: Experimental group; CG: Control group; M: Male; F: Female; a: Clinical effects; b: Symptom scores (nausea and vomiting scores, anorexia scores, early satiety scores, bloating scores); c: Motilin; d: Somatostatin; e: Gastrin; f: Gastric emptying time; g: Emptying rate; h: Adverse drug event.