Postprandial glucagon-like peptide 1 secretion is associated with urinary albumin excretion in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients

Table 3 The association between glucagon-like peptide 1 levels during a standard meal test and the urinary albumin-creatinine ratio

Variable	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	P value
30 min GLP-1
Microalbuminuria	48 (25.4)	47 (24.6)	42 (23.2)	29 (15.3)
Model 0	1-reference	0.959 (0.603-0.525)	0.828 (0.516-1.330)	0.529 (0.317-0.884)a	0.014
Model 1	1-reference	0.962 (0.599-1.543)	0.817 (0.505-1.322)	0.517 (0.307-0.873)a	0.012
Model 2	1-reference	0.967 (0.600-1.557)	0.826 (0.507-1.346)	0.534 (0.315-0.905)a	0.018
120 min GLP-1
Microalbuminuria	51 (26.8)	42 (22.2)	41 (21.4)	32 (16.8)
Model 0	1-reference	0.779 (0.487-1.245)	0.740 (0.642-1.186)	0.552 (0.336-0.908)a	0.022
Model 1	1-reference	0.798 (0.495-1.286)	0.775 (0.480-1.251)	0.585 (0.353-0.969)a	0.044
Model 2	1-reference	0.826 (0.508-1.343)	0.819 (0.504-1.331)	0.592 (0.355-0.988)a	0.056
AUCGLP-1
Microalbuminuria	52 (27.4)	51 (25.3)	37 (18.9)	32 (15.8)
Model 0	1-reference	0.891 (0.568-1.417)	0.620 (0.383-1.006)	0.498 (0.301-0.823)a	0.002
Model 1	1-reference	0.973 (0.610-1.552)	0.640 (0.391-1.048)	0.528 (0.316-0.883)a	0.005
Model 2	1-reference	1.015 (0.632-1.630)	0.704 (0.426-1.161)	0.547 (0.325-0.920)a	0.010

^aP < 0.05.

Values are presented as range, number, means ± SD, or mean difference (95% confidence interval). Model 0: Crude; Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, statins medication, evaluated glomerular filtration rate and glycosylated hemoglobin; Model 2: Additionally adjusted for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, area under the glucose curve and area under the glucagon curve. GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1; AUCGLP-1: Area under the curve for active glucagon-like peptide 1.