Copyright
©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Diabetes. Dec 15, 2023; 14(12): 1721-1737
Published online Dec 15, 2023. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i12.1721
Published online Dec 15, 2023. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i12.1721
Table 2 A list of recently developed novel anti-diabetic targets and their method of activities
Nature | Special targets | Diabetics | Method of activity | Ref. |
Gene | Gene therapy | Auto-reactive T cells need to be stopped from killing islet cells | Act by fixing or modifying the problematic genes | [81] |
Glycoprotein in serum | SERPIN A12 or vaspin | KLK7 reduction enhances insulin signaling and lengthens the half-life of insulin, contributing to lower blood sugar levels | Vaspin blocks KLK7 | [89] |
Adipokine | Metrnl | Enhanced insulin responsiveness | Cause of PPAR pathway upregulation | [92] |
Hormone | ACRP-30 | Acrp30 increases insulin sensitivity and lowers blood sugar | Low amounts bring on insulin sensitivity | [106] |
Glucocorticoids | 11β-HSD1 | 11β-HSD inhibition glucose reduction, insulin sensitivity improvement | Increasing amounts lead to glucose sensitivity | [85] |
Glycoprotein | Fetuin-A | When fetuin-A levels are low, insulin sensitivity will go up | Associated with beta-cell inflammation | [86] |
Glycoprotein | GPER | Boost insulin production | Through binding with Gi/o and Gs proteins, glucose homeostasis is regulated | [94] |
Glycoprotein | PEDF | Insulin sensitivity is improved by reducing PEDF levels | Insulin resistance is caused by an upregulated chain of kinase-mediated Serine/threonine phosphorylation of IRS | [99] |
Protein | Visfatin | Activity that mimics insulin | Receptor for insulin that it binds to | [103] |
Protein | CCN3/NOV | Improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity | Strong correlation with hs-CRP | [97] |
Glycoprotein | PTP1B | Inhibits insulin signaling by dephosphorylating insulin receptor kinase | [83] |
- Citation: Sun HY, Lin XY. Analysis of the management and therapeutic performance of diabetes mellitus employing special target. World J Diabetes 2023; 14(12): 1721-1737
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v14/i12/1721.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v14.i12.1721