Vascular endothelial growth factor B improves impaired glucose tolerance through insulin-mediated inhibition of glucagon secretion

Figure 7 Vascular endothelial growth factor B regulates glucagon secretion via PI3K/AKT signal pathway and relative genes. A: The protein expression of IR, insulin resistance substrate (IRS), PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT; B: The protein expression of IR/β-actin; C: The protein expression of IRS/β-actin; D: The protein expression of p-PI3K/PI3K; E: The protein expression of p-AKT/AKT; F: The mRNA expression of forkhead box protein O1, PEPCK, and G6Pase. ^aP < 0.05 vs standard diet; ^bP < 0.05 vs high-fat diet-WT; ^cP < 0.05 vs Con. HFD: High-fat diet; AAV: Adeno-associated virus; SD: Standard diet; IRS: Insulin resistance substrate; FOXO: Forkhead box protein O1.