Molecular mechanisms of noncoding RNA and epigenetic regulation in obesity with consequent diabetes mellitus development

Table 3 The profiles of shared long noncoding RNAs in obesity and diabetes mellitus

lncRNA	Description	Expression in obesity	Expression in DM
SRA	Steroid receptor RNA activator	High	Low in patients with type II diabetic cardiovascular disease[74]
ASMER-1	Adipocyte-associated metabolic related lncRNA 1	High in ScAT	High expression related to IR[20]
ASMER-2	Adipocyte-associated metabolic related lncRNA 2	High in ScAT	High expression related to IR[20]
ADNCR	Adipocyte differentiation-associated lncRNA	Low	Low[23]
HOTAIR	HOX antisense intergenic RNA	High	High[71]
Blnc1	Brown fat lncRNA 1	High in high-fat-diet-fed mice[28]	High in the blood of patients with diabetic nephropathy[82]
H19	LncRNA H19	Low in obesity-associated inflammatory conditions[83]	Low[84]
MALAT1	Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	High[85]	High expression in PBMCs from type 2 diabetes patients[39]

lncRNA: Long noncoding RNA; DM: Diabetes mellitus; ScAT: Subcutaneous adipose tissue; IR: Insulin resistance; PBMC: Peripheral blood mononuclear cell.