COVID-19 associated diabetes mellitus: A review

Table 1 New-onset diabetes studies reported from different parts of globe

Ref.	Country	Study Design	Number of Cases	Results
Li et al[4]	China	Retrospective Observational	453	21 % were newly diagnosed with DM
Unsworth et al[19]	United Kingdom	Cross-sectional	33 children	30 children with new onset T1D
Ebekozien et al[20]	United States	Cross-sectional	64	6 cases with new onset T1D
Armeni et al[21]	United Kingdom	Case series	35	5.7 % cases newly presented with DM
Sathish et al[22]	China, Italy, United States	Systematic review	3711 cases from 8 studies	492 cases newly presented with DM
Wang et al[23]	China	Retrospective	605	176 cases newly detected with DM
Yang et al[24]	China	Retrospective Cohort	69	Prevalence: 53.85% in critical cases and 13.95% in moderately severe cases
Fadini et al[25]	Italy	Retrospective	413	5 % cases newly detected with DM
Wu et al[26]	Australia	Retrospective	8	Newly diagnosed cases showed C-peptide levels, negative anti-GAD antibodies consistent with T2D
Ghosh et al[27]	India	Retrospective Cohort	555	Higher levels of FBG, PPBG, HbA1c in newly diagnosed cases
Zhang et al[28]	China	Retrospective	312	Higher risk of adverse outcomes
Smith et al[29]	United States	Retrospective	184	6 patients showed elevated FBG
Liu et al[30]	China	Retrospective	233	Increased risk of in-hospital deaths

DM: Diabetes mellitus; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; GAD: Glutamic acid decarboxylase; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; PPBG: Post-prandial blood glucose; T1D: Type 1 diabetes; T2D: Type 2 diabetes.