Clopidogrel delays and can reverse diabetic nephropathy pathogenesis in type 2 diabetic db/db mice

Figure 5 Clopidogrel reduces the levels of urinary tumor necrosis factor-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in db/db mice. Data are shown as mean ± SD values of n = 6 mice per group. ^aP < 0.05 vs wild type mice; ^bP < 0.05 vs db/db mice. A: Tumor necrosis factor-α levels in the urine; B: Interleukin-6 levels in the urine; C: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels in the urine. WT: Wild type; db/db: db/db mice; Clo: Clopidogrel 20 mg/kg; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; IL: Interleukin; MCP: Monocyte chemoattractant protein.