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©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Diabetes. Apr 15, 2022; 13(4): 319-337
Published online Apr 15, 2022. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i4.319
Published online Apr 15, 2022. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i4.319
Ref. | Study | n | Conclusion |
Ott et al[33], 1999 | Prospective population-based cohort | 6370 older adults | Diabetes mellitus almost doubled the risk of dementia. Patients treated with insulin were at highest risk of dementia |
Luchsinger et al[34], 2005 | Longitudinal | 1138 older adults | Four risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and current smoking) were associated with a higher risk of AD. The risk of AD increased with the number of vascular risk factors. Diabetes and current smoking were the strongest risk factors |
Xu et al[38], 2009 | Population-based cohort study | 1248 dementia-free cohort | Uncontrolled diabetes increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease and VD. Their findings suggest a direct link between glucose dysregulation and neurodegeneration |
Wang et al[36], 2012 | Population-based cohort study | 615529 diabetic patients; 614871 random controls | Diabetes may increase the risk of AD in both sexes and all ages |
Tolppanen et al[40], 2013 | Case-Control study | 3012 diabetic patients; 3372 AD | Individuals with clinically verified AD are more likely to have a history of clinically verified and medically treated diabetes than the general aged population, although the difference is small |
Huang et al[37], 2014 | Population-based cohort study | 1000000 random controls; 71433 diabetic patients | Newly diagnosed DM was associated with an increased risk of AD. The use of hypoglycemic agents did not ameliorate the risk |
Gudala et al[35], 2013 | Meta-analysis | 28 studies | The results showed a 73% increased risk of all type of demetia, 56% increase of AD, and 127% increase of VD in diabetes patients |
Biessels et al[19], 2006 | Meta-analysis | 14 studies | There is convincing evidence that shows an increased risk of dementia in people with diabetes. The risk factors and mechanisms that drive the association between diabetes and accelerated cognitive decline and dementia need to be identified before adequate treatment measures can be developed |
Cheng et al[41], 2012 | Meta-analysis | 19 studies | Diabetes was a risk factor for incident dementia (including AD, VD, and any dementia) and MCI |
Zhang et al[42], 2017 | Meta-analysis | 17 studies | The risk of AD is higher among people with diabetes than in the general population |
- Citation: Ortiz GG, Huerta M, González-Usigli HA, Torres-Sánchez ED, Delgado-Lara DL, Pacheco-Moisés FP, Mireles-Ramírez MA, Torres-Mendoza BM, Moreno-Cih RI, Velázquez-Brizuela IE. Cognitive disorder and dementia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2022; 13(4): 319-337
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v13/i4/319.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v13.i4.319