Which predictors could effect on remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus after the metabolic surgery: A general perspective of current studies?

Table 1 Remission rates and criteria of type 2 diabetes mellitus after metabolic surgery

Ref.	Study population	Study design	Surgical intervention	Remission end point of T2DM	Prediction factor of remission
Pories et al[60], 1995	Morbidly obese, prediabetes, T2DM	Retrospective	RYGB	Normal levels of FPG and HbA1c	Shorter duration time of T2DM, younger age
Scopinaro et al[61], 2005	Obese, T2DM	Retrospective	BPD	FPG < 125 mg/dL	Types of surgical intervention
Mingrone et al[64], 2015	Patients with BMI > 35 kg/m2, T2DM	Prospective	RYGB, BPD	FPG < 5.6 mmol/L HbA1c < 6%	Types of surgical intervention
Courcoulas et al[65], 2014	BMI 30-40 kg/m2	RCT	AGB, RYGB	FPG < 100 mg/dL HbA1c < 5.7%	-
Cummings et al[66], 2016 (CROSSROADS)	BMI 30-45 kg/m2	RCT	RYGB	HbA1c < 6%	Age, sex, baseline BMI, diabetes duration, insulin therapy
Wentworth et al[67], 2014	BMI 25-30 kg/m2	RCT	AGB	FPG < 7 mmol/L	Baseline measures of glycemia
Jans et al[68], 2019	BMI > 35 kg/m2, T2DM	Retrospective	VSG, RYGB	Free from diabetes medication	Duration of diabetes, insulin treatment, age, baseline HbA1c
Schauer et al[69], 2012 (STAMPEDE)	BMI > 30 kg/m2, T2DM	RCT	VSG, RYGB	HbA1c < 6%	Age, sex, insulin treatment, baseline BMI, HbA1c
Purnell et al[70], 2016	BMI > 30 kg/m2	Prospective	AGB, RYGB	HbA1c < 6.5% FPG 6.9 mmol/L	Baseline weight, insulin treatment
Chen et al[71], 2016	Obese type 2 diabetic patients	Retrospective	RYGB	HbA1c < 6% FPG < 100 mg/dL	Duration of diabetes, baseline HbA1c, insulin treatment
Lee et al[72], 2014 (ABCD score)	Morbid obese patients T2DM	RCT	VSG	HbA1c < 6%	Age, BMI, c peptide, duration of diabetes
Aminian et al[73], 2014 (DiaRem score)	Obese diabetic patients	Retrospective	RYGB	HbA1c < 6% Off medication	Duration of diabetes
Aminian et al[75], 2017 (IMS score)	Obese patients T2DM	RCT	RYGB, VSG	HbA1c < 6.5%	Duration of diabetes, insulin treatment, glycemic control

AGB: Adjustable gastric banding; BMI: Body mass index; BPD: Biliopancreatic diversion; CROSSROADS: Alorie reduction or surgery: Seeking to reduce obesity and diabetes study; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; RYGB: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; VSG: Vertical sleeve gastrectomy.