Blood glucose response after oral lactulose intake in type 2 diabetic individuals

Table 4 Blood glucose endpoints: 20 g liquid lactulose vs water

	20 g liquid lactulose		Water		Treatment	P value
Variable	n	LS mean (95%CI)	n	LS mean (95%CI)	Difference (95%CI)
AUCbaseline_c (0-180 min) (min/mmol/L)	17	-30.72 (-75.26, 13.83)	16	-53.21 (-99.14, -7.28)	22.49 (-35.18, 80.16)	0.4387
AUC(0-180 min) (min/mmol/L)	17	1242.02 (1197.47, 1286.56)	16	1219.53 (1173.60, 1265.46)	22.49 (-35.18, 80.16)	0.4387
iAUC(0-180 min) (min/mmol/L)	17	34.42 (3.98, 64.86)	16	18.44 (-13.04, 49.92)	15.98 (26.78, 58.75)	0.4578
Cmax (mmol/L)	17	7.747 (7.43, 8.06)	16	7.44 (7.11, 7.77)	0.31 (-0.12, 0.73)	0.1560
Max_increase (mmol/L)	17	0.68 (0.36, 0.99)	16	0.37 (0.043, 0.70)	0.31 (-0.12, 0.73)	0.1560

AUC_{baseline_c (0-180 min)}: Baseline-corrected area under the curve from 0 to 180 min; AUC_{(0-180 min)}: Area under the curve from 0 to 180 min; iAUC_{(0-180 min)}: Incremental AUC_{(0-180 min)}, i.e., area above baseline levels of blood glucose concentration; C_max: Maximum blood glucose concentration; Max_increase: Maximum blood glucose concentration minus baseline value; LS mean: Adjusted least square mean obtained from analysis of covariance model