Control of modifiable risk factors and major adverse cardiovascular events in people with peripheral artery disease and diabetes

doi:10.4239/wjd.v12.i6.883

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World Journal of Diabetes

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1948-9358

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Diabetes. Jun 15, 2021; 12(6): 883-892
Published online Jun 15, 2021. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i6.883

Table 2 Association of peripheral artery disease-medical score with baseline characteristics

Risk factors	PAD-medical score				P value
Risk factors	*< 3.0 (n =* 106)**	*3-3.9 (n =* 145)**	*4.0-4.9 (n =* 140)**	*5.0 (n =* 33)**	P value
Age	65 (57-73)	70 (64-77)	69 (64-77)	70 (66-76)	0.002^b
Male sex	67 (63.2)	110 (75.9)	110 (78.6)	24 (72.7)	0.046^a
Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	3 (2.8)	9 (6.2)	4 (2.9)	3 (9.1)	0.242
Presenting problem					0.043^a
Carotid artery disease	12 (11.3)	19 (13.1)	27 (19.3)	5 (15.2)
Aortic or peripheral aneurysm	22 (20.8)	45 (31.0)	42 (30.0)	12 (36.4)
Lower limb ischemia	72 (67.9)	81 (55.9)	71 (50.7)	16 (48.5)
Smoking status					< 0.001^c
Current	55 (51.9)	41 (28.3)	5 (3.6)	0
Former	28 (26.4)	62 (42.8)	100 (71.4)	21 (63.6)
Never	22 (20.8)	42 (29.0)	35 (25.0)	12 (36.4)
IHD	38 (35.8)	64 (44.1)	75 (53.6)	24 (72.7)	0.001^b
Stroke	14 (13.2)	12 (8.3)	17 (12.1)	4 (12.1)	0.606
Medications
Aspirin	34 (32.1)	96 (66.2)	118 (84.3)	30 (90.9)	< 0.001^c
Other anti-platelet	11 (10.4)	25 (17.2)	41 (29.3)	7 (21.2)	0.002^b
Statins	58 (54.7)	115 (79.3)	121 (86.4)	30 (90.9)	< 0.001^c
Metformin	60 (56.6)	87 (60.0)	83 (59.3)	21 (63.6)	0.896
Other oral hypoglycemics	39 (36.8)	58 (40.0)	45 (32.1)	12 (36.4)	0.591
Insulin	26 (24.5)	35 (24.1)	33 (23.6)	4 (12.1)	0.482
HbA1c (%)	7.4 (6.8-8.7)	7.0 (6.5-7.7)	6.6 (6.0-7.6)	6.1 (5.9-6.4)	< 0.001^c
HDL-c (mmol/L)	1.1 (0.9-1.3)	1.1(0.9-1.3)	1.1(0.9-1.2)	0.9(0.8-1.2)	0.133
LDL-c (mmol/L)	2.60 (2.20-3.40)	2.10 (1.70-2.70)	1.60 (1.30-2.00)	1.34 (1.20-1.60)	< 0.001^c
SBP (mmHg)	150 (139-163)	139 (125-151)	135 (122-150)	126 (120-131)	< 0.001^c
C-reactive protein (mg/L)	3.0 (1.9-7.5)¹	2.0 (1.0-5.0)²	3.0 (1.0-5.6)³	2.1 (0.9-5.0)⁴	0.082
Major cardiovascular events	23 (21.7)	27 (18.6)	32 (22.9)	7 (21.2)	0.845

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP< 0.001.

Data are presented as number (percentage) or median (interquartile range). C-reactive protein data is missing from 9¹, 15², 8³ and 5⁴ participants. PAD: Peripheral artery disease; IHD: Ischemic heart disease; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; SBP: Systolic blood pressure.

Citation: Golledge J, Drovandi A, Rowbotham S, Velu R, Quigley F, Jenkins J. Control of modifiable risk factors and major adverse cardiovascular events in people with peripheral artery disease and diabetes. World J Diabetes 2021; 12(6): 883-892
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v12/i6/883.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v12.i6.883