Malfunction of outer retinal barrier and choroid in the occurrence and progression of diabetic macular edema

Figure 1 Outer blood-retina barrier. M: Müller cells; A: Amacrine cells; G: Ganglion cells; BV: Blood vessels; As: Astrocyte; B: Bipolar cells; R: Rods; C: Cones; H: Horizontal cells; Mi: Microglia; ON: Optic nerve; NFL: Nerve fibre layer; GCL: Ganglion cell layer; IPL: Inner plexiform layer; INL: Inner nuclear layer; OPL: Outer plexiform layer; ONL: Outer nuclear layer; ELM: External limiting membrane; IS: Inner segment photoreceptors; OS: Outer segment photoreceptors; RPE: Retinal pigment epithelium; BM: Bruch’s Membrane; Ch: Choroid.