Genome-wide association study reveals novel loci for adult type 1 diabetes in a 5-year nested case-control study

Table 1 Characters of participants in the present type 1 diabetes genome-wide association study investigation

	Discovery stage				Validation stage				Combination
	Cases (n = 381)	Controls (n = 377)	P	Cases (n = 404)		Controls (n = 427)	P	Cases (n = 785)		Controls (n = 804)	P
Sex
Male	197	200	0.711a	209		223	0.887a	406		423	0.722a
Female	184	177		195		204		379		381
Age (yr)
mean ± SD	28.45 ± 7.70	28.99 ± 8.01	0.338b	28.53 ± 7.95		28.91 ± 7.67	0.496b	28.49 ± 7.51		28.94 ± 7.98	0.248b
< 25	109	101	0.637a	118		114	0.704a	227		215	0.494a
[25, 35)	180	174		188		203		368		377
≥ 35	92	102		98		110		190		212
BMI (kg/m2)
mean ± SD	21.77 ± 4.10	22.10 ± 4.00	0.266b	21.93 ± 4.26		21.52 ± 3.70	0.146b	21.85 ± 4.18		21.79 ± 3.85	0.773b
< 18.5	60	46	0.371a	51		66	0.500a	111		112	0.985a
[18.5, 25)	270	279		303		311		573		590
≥ 25	51	52		50		50		101		102
Glucose level (mmol/L)
mean ± SD	12.83 ± 2.35	5.43 ± 1.33	< 0.0001b	13.42 ± 2.48		5.53 ± 1.30	< 0.0001b	13.13 ± 2.44		5.49 ± 81.32	< 0.0001b

^aTwo-sided chi-square test.

^bStudents’ t test. BMI: Body mass index.