Wrist circumference: A new marker for insulin resistance in African women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Table 1 Clinical and biochemical features of the study subjects

Parameters	PCOS (n = 72)	Controls (n = 71)	P value
Age (yr)	24.4 ± 5.2	24.25 ± 5.5	0.869
Menarche age (yr)	12.97 ± 1.9	12.86 ± 1.8	0.723
Ferriman-Gallwey Score	8.62 ± 6.2	2.32 ± 2.3	< 0.001
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	109.24 ± 17.26	100.86 ±15.27	0.003
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	71.84 ± 14.11	64.96 ± 12.53	0.003
BMI (kg/m²)	25.23 ± 5.55	23.07 ± 4.52	0.013
WC (cm)	84.28 ± 13.94	78.63 ± 11.60	0.009
WHR	0.81 ± 0.06	0.80 ± 0.05	0.101
WHtR	0.51 ± 0.08	0.48 ± 0.07	0.018
Dominant Wrist Circumference (cm)	15.98 ± 1.15	15.53 ± 0.87	0.009
Non-Dominant Wrist Circumference (cm)	15.80 ± 1.18	15.33 ± 0.87	0.009
Weight (kg)	66.9 ± 16.3	60.8 ± 11.8	0.013
Body fat (%)	35.05 ± 9.6	32.37 ± 8	0.076
Muscle (%)	26.6 ± 4.5	27.9 ± 3	0.042
Visceral fat	4.67 ± 2	3.97 ± 1.7	0.031
Glucose (mg/dL)	86.51 ± 10.3	84.3 ± 8.04	0.155
Insulin (µU/L)	14.91 ± 15.4	6.34 ± 3.8	< 0.001
HOMA-IR (mol × µU/L²)	3.40 ± 4.03	1.33 ± 0.83	< 0.001

PCOS: Polycystic ovary syndrome; IR: Insulin resistance; BMI: Body mass index; WC: Waist circumference; WHR: Waist-to-hip ratio; WHtR: Waist-to-height ratio; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis Model Assessment of insulin resistance; n: Number of participants.