Type 1 diabetes and associated autoimmune diseases

Table 2 Autoimmune diseases with corresponding autoantigens and tissue

AID	Tissue	Antigen
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis	Thyroid enzyme/protein	Thyroid peroxidase/thyroglobulin
Graves’ disease	Thyrocytes	TSH receptor
Hypogonadism	Gonads, Leydig-/theca cells	17-hydroxylase, cytochrome-P450 side-chain cleavage
Addison disease	Adrenal cortex enzyme	21-hydroxylase, cytochrome-P450 side-chain cleavage
Hypoparathyroidism	Parathyroid	Ca2+ sensitive receptor
Type A gastritis	Parietal cells	H+, K+-ATPase
Vitiligo	Melanocytes	Tyrosinase
Celiac disease	Small intestine	Transglutaminase, gliadin
Neurodermatitis	Skin	IgE receptor
Psoriasis	Skin	Keratin
Alopecia	Hair follicles	Tyrosine hydroxylase
Urticaria	Skin	IgE receptor FcERI, immunoglobulin E
Sjögren’s Syndrome	Salivary glands	SS-A/Ro and SS-B/La
Rheumatoid arthritis	Synovial membrane	CCP
Autoimmune hepatitis	Liver cells	Smooth muscle, liver-kidney-microsome, soluble liver antigen, liver-pancreas antigen
Systemic lupus erythematosus	Skin, vascular connective tissue	Double-stranded DNA
Crohn’s disease	Gastrointestinal tract	Microbial antigens

AID: Autoimmune diseases; TSH: Thyrotropin or thyroid stimulating hormone; CCP: Cyclic citrullinated peptide.