Factors associated with improvement in waist-to-height ratio among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients treated with acarbose or metformin: A randomized clinical trial study

Table 4 Changes in key endpoints from baseline to week 24 of patients in different change of waist-to-height ratio groups treated with metformin

	High ΔWHtR	Low ΔWHtR	P value
Anthropometric measurements
Body weight, kg	-2.85 (-3.28 to -2.44)	-0.95 (-1.37 to -0.52)	< 0.001
Body mass index, kg/m2	-1.30 (-1.48 to -1.12)	-0.40 (-0.59 to 0.22)	< 0.001
Waist circumference, cm	-5.51(-6.11 to -4.90)	-1.01 (-0.60 to 1.42)	< 0.001
Hip circumference	-2.96 (-3.75 to -2.17)	-0.15 (-0.82 to 0.52)	< 0.001
Glucose metabolism variables
HbA1c, %	-1.34 (-1.52 to 1.167	-1.14 (-1.31 to 0.96)	0.106
FPG, mmol/L	-2.03 (-2.24 to -1.81)	-1.60 (-1.81 to -1.39)	0.005
PPG, mmol/L	-2.91 (-3.37 to -2.44)	-2.30 (-2.79 to -1.81)	0.659
Blood pressure and lipid profile
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	-2.42 (-4.36 to -0.49)	-0.60 (-2.47 to 1.48)	0.172
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	-2.69 (-4.10 to -1.29)	-0.28 (-1.69 to 1.15)	0.018
TC, mmol/L	-0.53 (-0.68 to -0.39)	-0.19 (-0.35 to -0.03)	0.004
HDL-C, mmol/L	0.06 (0.03 to 0.10)	-0.01 (-0.05 to -0.03)	0.458
LDL-C, mmol/L	-0.33 (-0.46 to -0.20)	-0.12 (-0.25 to -0.00)	0.047
NHDL-C, mmol/L	-0.53 (-0.68 to -0.39)	-0.18 (-0.33 to -0.02)	0.001
HDL-C/NHDL-C	0.05 (0.05 to 0.07)	0.00 (-0.03 to 0.03)	0.003
TG, mmol/L	-0.38 (-0.00 to 0.76)	-0.18 (-0.42 to 0.06)	0.003
Hormones and insulin sensitivity
FINS, μIU/mL	-3.76 (-4.95 to -2.58)	-3.47 (-5.03 to -1.93)	0.361
HOMA-β	12.13 (5.20 to 19.06)	12.50 (2.72 to 22.28)	0.417
I30/G30	60.38 (47.81 to 72.94)	41.50 (30.72 to 52.29)	0.031
AUCinsulin, μIU/L × min	-0.35 (-0.72 to 0.014)	-0.56 (-0.91 to -0.21)	0.743
AUCGLP-1, nmol × min	0.75 (0.25 to 1.26)	1.17 (0.77 to 1.56)	0.340
HOMAIR	-2.20 (-2.67 to -1.73)	-2.06 (-2.63 to -1.49)	0.165
WBISI	0.44 (-2.55 to 3.43)	0.14 (-2.34 to 2.62)	0.609

WHtR: Change of waist-to-height ratio; TC: Total cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: Triglycerides; HDL-C/non-HDL-C: HDL-C-to-non-HDL-C ratio; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; PPG: Postprandial plasma glucose; FINS: Fasting plasma insulin; HOMA: Homeostasis model assessment-; IR: Insulin resistance; WBISI: Whole body insulin sensitivity index; AUC: Area under the curve; GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1.