Toll-like receptor expression and signaling in human diabetic wounds

Figure 1 Representative Western blot showing the MyD88 protein expression in non-diabetic and diabetic wound tissues. Wound tissues were collected, lysed and 25 μg protein was blotted for MyD88 and β-actin. Densitometric ratios (MyD88/β-actin) are indicated below. Each lane presents protein from an individual patient wound debridement tissue (n = 3/group).

Figure 2 The DNA-binding activity of nuclear nuclear factor-kappa B p65 in wound tissues was determined using ELISA technique. Values are normalized to mg nuclear protein and expressed as mean ± SD. ^bP < 0.001 vs non-diabetic.

Figure 3 Interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α concentration in wound tissues were determined by ELISA assay. Values are normalized to mg protein and expressed as mean ± SD. ^aP < 0.05 vs non-diabetic. IL-1β: Interleukin-1beta; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

Figure 4 Lipid peroxidation in wound tissue lysates were determined using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay as described in Materials and methods. Values are normalized to mg protein and expressed as mean ± SD. ^bP < 0.01 vs non-diabetic.