Long-term outcomes after stenting as a “bridge to surgery” for the management of acute obstruction secondary to colorectal cancer

Table 1 Data of recurrence and survival in studies comparing self-expandable metallic stents by-pass to elective surgery and emergency operation for obstructive colorectal cancer

Ref.	Perforation rate	RecurrenceSEMS vs EO	Survival SEMS vs EO
Ghazal et al[43]	0	RR: 17.2% vs 13.3%; P = 0.228
Saida et al[45]	-	RR of Dukes B: 23% vs 14%; P = 0.51)	3 yr-OS: 48% vs 50%
			5 yr-OS: 40% vs 44%. Log-rank test: P = 0.84
			DFS of Dukes B: Log-rank test: P = 0.71
Alcántara et al[46]	0	RR: 53.3% vs 15.3%; P = 0.055	DFS: 25.4 m vs 27 m; P = 0.096
			OS: Log-rank test: P = 0.843
Tung et al[34]	0		5 yr-OS: 48% vs 27%; P = 0.076
			5 yr-DFS: 52% vs 48%; P = 0.63
Pessione et al[47]	0		2 yr-OS: 66.6% vs 28.5%
Gianotti et al[40]	1.2%		HR: 0.412 P = 0.007
			OS: Log-rank test: P = 0.004
van den Berg et al[42]	1.7%	5 yr-RR of stage I-II: 33% vs 26%; P = 0.81	5 yr-OS of stage I-II: Log-rank test: P = 0.85
		5 yr-RR of stage III: 35% vs 51%; P = 0.24	5 yr-OS of stage III: Log-rank test: P = 0.48
		3 yr-RR of stage IV: 32% vs 58%; P = 0.30	5 yr-OS of stage IV: Log-rank test: P = 0.08
Kim et al[29]	3.3%	RR: 35% vs 35%; P = 1.000	5 yr-OSR: 67.2% vs 61.6%; P = 0.386
		LR: 0% vs 1.6%	5 yr-DFSR: 61.2% vs 60%; P = 0.932
			5 yr-CRSR: 77% vs 65%; P = 0.233
Sabbagh et al[33]	4.2%	Patients with no perforation or metastases	Patients with no perforation or metastases
		34% vs 28 %	5 yr-OSR: 30% vs 67%; P = 0.001
			5 yr-DFSR: 27% vs 43%; P = 0.16
			5 yr-CSMR: 29% vs 22%; P = 0.62
Kavanagh et al[44]	4.3%	RR 17.3% vs 23%	OS: Log-rank test: P = 0.13
			CSM: Log-rank test: P = 0.21
			CSMR: 13% vs 15.3%
Dastur et al[48]	5.2%		3 yr-OS: 48% vs 46%; P = 0.54
Gorissen et al[25]	8%	RR: 31.6 vs 28.2; P = 0.824	CSMR: 24.1% vs 37.2%; P = 0.180
		LRR: 23% vs 15%; P = 0.443
		LRR in young patients:
		32% vs 8%; Log-rank test: P = 0.038
Sloothaak et al[32]	11.5%		4 yr-DFS: 30% vs 49%: Log-rank test: P = 0.149
			4 yr-DSS: 66% vs 87%: Log-rank test: P = 0.061
			4 yr-OS: 58% vs 67%: Log-rank test: P = 0.468
			Stent-related perforation vs no perforation
			4 yr-DFS: 0% vs 45%: Log-rank test: P = 0.007
			4 yr-DSS: 60% vs 69%: Log-rank test: P = 0.099
			4 yr-OS: 50% vs 62%: Log-rank test: P = 0.478
Erichsen et al[49]	Non-reported	5 yr-RR: 38% vs 29%;	5yOSR: 49% vs 40%; OR: 0.98; 95%CI 0.9-1.07
		OR: 1.12; 95%CI: 0.99-1.28
Choi et al[50]	Non-reported		5yOSR: 97.8% vs 94.3%; P = 0.469

RR: Recurrence rate; LRR: Local recurrence rate; OS: Overall survival; OSR: Overall survival rate; DFS: Disease-free survival; DFSR: Disease-free survival rate; CRSR: Cancer related survival rate; CSM: Cancer-specific mortality; CSMR: Cancer-specific mortality rate; DSS: Disease-specific survival; EO: Emergency operation; SEMS: Self-expandable metallic stents.