Primary hepatocellular carcinoma and metabolic syndrome: An update

Table 4 Association of different components of metabolic syndrome and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma

Author	Type of Study	Risk Parameter	Obesity	DM	Hyperlipidemia	HTN
Larsson et al[35]	Meta analysis	RR	1.85
Calle et al[37]	Prospective	RR	4.52 (Male)
			1.68 (Female)
Welzel et al[40]	Retrospective	OR	1.93	2.9	1.35	2.2
Borena et al[25]	Prospective	RR	1.39	2.13	0.85	2.08
Turati et al[48]	Retrospective	OR	1.97	4.33
Davila et al[42]	Retrospective	OR		2.87
Lagiou et al[43]	Prospective	RR		4.5 (Male)
				1.86 (Female)
El-Serag et al[46]	Prospective	RR		2
Tomimaru et al[55]	Prospective	RR		82.2 (with cirrhosis)

RR: Relative risk; OR: Odd ratio; DM: Diabetes mellitus; HTN: Hypertension.