Detecting plasma SHOX2, HOXA9, SEPTIN9, and RASSF1A methylation and circulating cancer cells for cholangiocarcinoma clinical diagnosis and monitoring

Table 3 Results of univariate and multivariate survival analyses (Cox proportional hazard models)

Variables		Number of patients	Univariate		Multivariate
			HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Tumor location	(iCCA vs dCCA)	33	1.246 (0.495-3.138)	0.624
Gender	(male vs female)	43	1.536 (0.673-3.861)	0.284
Age at diagnosis	(≤ 60 vs > 60 years)	43	1.527 (0.673-3.467)	0.273
Tumor stage	(I-II vs III-IV)	43	3.13 (1.06-9.242)	0.039	2.871 (1.056-7.653)	0.03
Lymphatic invasion	(V0 vs V1)	38	2.902 (1.069-7.874)	0.037	3.425 (1.081-8.523)	0.035
CA199	≤ 41 U/mL vs > 41 U/mL)	43	2.41 (1.079-5.384)	0.028
SHOX2 methylation	(SHOX2- vs SHOX2+)	43	1.713 (0.623-4.713)	0.210
SEPT9 methylation	(SEPT9- vs SEPT9+)	43	1.757 (0.698-4.422)	0.166
HOXA9 methylation	(HOXA9- vs HOXA9+)	43	1.718 (0.743-3.975)	0.200
RASSF1A methylation	(RASSF1A- vs RASSF1A+)	43	2.684 (1.0-7.557)	0.013
CTC count > 10/5 mL	(> 10/5 mL vs ≤ 10/5 mL)	43	3.542 (1.354-9.266)	0.027	3.24 (1.465-7.562)	0.021

CTC: Circulating tumor cells; CA199: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CCA: Cholangiocarcinoma; HR: Hazard ratio.