Clinical and endoscopic characteristics of colorectal traditional serrated adenomas with dysplasia/adenocarcinoma in a Korean population

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with traditional serrated adenomas, n = 193

Variables	n (%)
Patient-related factors
Age (years), mean ± SD (range)	63.2 ± 13.8 (18.0-89.0)
Sex
Male	93 (48.2)
Female	100 (51.8)
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD (range)	23.9 ± 3.4 (17.4-37.7)
Obesity
Underweight (< 18.5)	6 (3.1)
Normal (18.5 ≤ n < 23.0)	76 (39.4)
Overweight (23.0 ≤ n < 25.0)	45 (23.3)
Obesity (≥ 25.0)	66 (34.2)
Alcohol
None	89 (46.1)
Quit	51 (26.4)
Current	53 (27.5)
Smoking
None	134 (69.4)
Quit	34 (17.6)
Current	25 (13.0)
Hypertension	81 (42.0)
Diabetes mellitus	40 (20.7)
Dyslipidemia	31 (16.1)
Anti-platelet agent (n = 49, 25.4%)
Aspirin	32 (16.6)
Warfarin/NOAC	5 (2.6)
Dual anti-platelet agent	12 (6.2)
History of colorectal cancer	27 (14.0)
Symptom
None	168 (87.0)
Gastrointestinal bleeding	24 (12.4)
Obstruction	1 (0.5)
Lesion-related factors
Size (mm), mean ± SD (range)	18.1 ± 13.5 (3.0-70.0)
Diminutive (1-5 mm)	16 (8.3)
Small (6-9 mm)	46 (23.8)
Large (> 10 mm)	131 (67.9)
Location
Cecum	3 (1.6)
Ascending colon	27 (14)
Transverse colon	20 (10.4)
Descending colon	9 (4.7)
Sigmoid colon	60 (31.1)
Rectum	74 (38.3)
Color
White	82 (42.5)
Red	111 (57.5)
Morphology (Paris classification)
0-Ip, 0-Isp	85 (44.1)
0-Is	67 (34.7)
0-IIa	34 (17.6)
0-IIa + IIc	7 (3.6)
Border
Distinct	164 (85.0)
Irregular	29 (15.0)
Mucosal surface
Smooth	89 (46.1)
Lobular	104 (53.9)
Dysplasia (n = 71, 36.8%)
LGD	51 (26.4)
HGD	14 (7.3)
ADC	6 (3.1)
Associated lesion (n = 104, 53.9%)
Hyperplastic polyp	17 (8.8)
Sessile serrated lesion	2 (1.0)
Traditional serrated adenoma	10 (5.2)
Conventional adenoma with LGD	62 (32.1)
Conventional adenoma with HGD/ADC	13 (6.7)
Procedure-related factors
Removal methods
Cold biopsy	1 (0.5)
Cold snare EMR	6 (3.1)
Conventional EMR	121 (62.7)
ESD	52 (26.9)
Operation	11 (5.7)
Observation	2 (1.0)
Post-procedural complications (n = 93, 48.2%)
Bleeding	92 (47.7)
Perforation	1 (0.8)
Treatment methods of complications
APC	18 (9.3)
Coagrasper	35 (18.1)
Hemoclipping	40 (20.7)

BMI: Body mass index; NOAC: Novel oral anticoagulants; LGD: Low grade dysplasia; HGD: High grade dysplasia; ADC: Adenocarcinoma; EMR: Endoscopic mucosal resection; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; APC: Argon plasma coagulation.