Development and validation of a nomogram prediction model for overall survival in patients with rectal cancer

Table 1 Patient demographic and clinical information distribution

Variables	Overall (1846)	Training cohort (1293)	Validation cohort (553)	P value
Age1	60.35 ± 12.62	60.19 ± 12.71	60.72 ± 12.42	0.416
KPS1	81.79 ± 8.52	81.80 ± 8.43	81.75 ± 8.72	0.908
BMI, n (%)
< 18.5	110 (5.96)	79 (6.11)	31 (5.61)	0.841
18.5-23.9	1021 (55.31)	719 (55.61)	302 (54.61)
24-27.9	582 (31.53)	400 (30.94)	182 (32.91)
≥ 28	133 (7.20)	95 (7.35)	38 (6.87)
Sex, n (%)
Male	1062 (57.53)	731 (56.54)	331 (59.86)	0.204
Female	784 (42.47)	562 (43.46)	222 (40.14)
Marita, n (%)
Married	1712 (92.74)	1204 (93.12)	508 (91.86)	0.393
Others	134 (7.26)	89 (6.88)	45 (8.14)
Histology, n (%)
Adenocarcinoma	1831 (99.19)	1282 (99.15)	549 (99.28)	1.000
Others	15 (0.81)	11 (0.85)	4 (0.72)
TNM, n (%)
I-II	561 (30.39)	406 (31.40)	155 (28.03)	0.154
III	508 (27.52)	361 (27.92)	147 (26.58)
IV	777 (42.09)	526 (40.68)	251 (45.39)
Radiation, n (%)
No	1702 (92.20)	1195 (92.42)	507 (91.68)	0.655
Yes	144 (7.80)	98 (7.58)	46 (8.32)
Chemotherapy, n (%)
No	743 (40.25)	521 (40.29)	222 (40.14)	0.994
Yes	1103 (59.75)	772 (59.71)	331 (59.86)
Surgery, n (%)
No	663 (35.92)	458 (35.42)	205 (37.07)	0.533
Yes	1183 (64.08)	835 (64.58)	348 (62.93)
Immunotherapy, n (%)
No	1805 (97.78)	1262 (97.60)	543 (98.19)	0.539
Yes	41 (2.22)	31 (2.40)	10 (1.81)
Targeted, n (%)
No	1453 (78.71)	1020 (78.89)	433 (78.30)	0.826
Yes	393 (21.29)	273 (21.11)	120 (21.70)
Hypertension (%)
No	1416 (76.71)	986 (76.26)	430 (77.76)	0.523
Yes	430 (23.29)	307 (23.74)	123 (22.24)
Diabetes, n (%)
No	1601 (86.73)	1127 (87.16)	474 (85.71)	0.444
Yes	245 (13.27)	166 (12.84)	79 (14.29)
WBC2	6.03 (4.84, 7.69)	5.97 (4.81, 7.70)	6.10(4.94, 7.69)	0.570
β2.microglobulin2	2.50 (1.90, 3.20)	2.50 (1.87, 3.20)	2.50 (2.00, 3.20)	0.055
LDH2	186.20 (159.93, 230.38)	187.80 (161.70, 228.80)	184.60 (158.00, 235.00)	0.386
PLR2	170.84 (120.59, 246.22)	172.37 (122.60, 251.67)	168.29 (113.39, 234.88)	0.108
NLR2	2.81 (1.95, 4.44)	2.83 (1.98, 4.48)	2.75 (1.88, 4.36)	0.243
LMR2	3.15 (2.09, 4.46)	3.15 (2.10, 4.52)	3.14 (2.09, 4.28)	0.425
AGR2	1.35 (1.15, 1.56)	1.35 (1.16, 1.56)	1.35 (1.12, 1.57)	0.611
CD4/CD82	1.66 (1.16, 2.31)	1.66 (1.16, 2.35)	1.64 (1.17, 2.24)	0.757

¹Expressed as mean ± SD.

²Expressed as median[P25, P75].

BMI: Body mass index; KPS: Karnofsky performance status; WBC: White blood cell count; LDH: Lactic dehydrogenase; PLR: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; LMR: Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio; AGR: Albumin-to-globulin ration.