Development of a nomogram for overall survival in patients with esophageal carcinoma: A prospective cohort study in China

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis for overall survival of the training cohort

Characteristics	HR (univariable)	HR (multivariable)
Age	1.02 (1.01-1.02, P < 0.001)
KPS	0.95 (0.94-0.95, P < 0.001)	0.98 (0.97-0.99, P < 0.001)
Gender (%)
Male
Female	0.85 (0.74-0.99, P = 0.033)
BMI (%)
18.5-23.9
≥ 24	0.76 (0.66-0.88, P < 0.001)	0.94 (0.82-1.09, P = 0.428)
< 18.5	1.68 (1.45-1.94, P < 0.001)	1.29 (1.11-1.49, P = 0.001)
Base disease (%)
No
Yes	1.04 (0.91-1.20, P = 0.578)
Pathological (%)
SCC
Others	1.41 (1.03-1.92, P = 0.032)
TNM (%)
I
II	2.10 (1.52-2.90, P < 0.001)	2.16 (1.56-2.98, P < 0.001)
III	3.13 (2.29-4.28, P < 0.001)	3.04 (2.22-4.18, P < 0.001)
IV	5.51 (4.03-7.54, P < 0.001)	4.12 (2.98-5.70, P < 0.001)
Radiotherapy (%)
No
Yes	0.74 (0.66-0.83, P < 0.001)	0.72 (0.64-0.81, P < 0.001)
Chemotherapy (%)
No
Yes	0.72 (0.64-0.81, P < 0.001)	0.74 (0.65-0.84, P < 0.001)
Surgery (%)
No
Yes	0.41 (0.37-0.46, P < 0.001)	0.56 (0.49-0.64, P< 0.001)
Immunotherapy (%)
No
Yes	0.54 (0.41-0.72, P < 0.001)	0.73 (0.54-0.98, P = 0.033)
Targeted (%)
No
Yes	0.78 (0.57-1.07, P = 0.120)
LDH	1.01 (1.00-1.01, P = 0.057)
β2. microglobulin	1.14 (1.09-1.19, P < 0.001)
CD4/CD8	0.93 (0.88-0.99, P = 0.018)
ALB/GLB	0.43 (0.35-0.52, P < 0.001)	0.81 (0.67-0.98, P = 0.034)
PLR	1.01 (1.01-1.01, P < 0.001)	1.01 (1.01-1.01, P < 0.001)
LMR	0.99 (0.99-1.00, P = 0.120)
NLR	1.06 (1.05-1.07, P < 0.001)

PLR: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; BMI: Body mass index; KPS: Karnofsky performance status; LDH: Lactic dehydrogenase; SCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; LMR: Lymphocyte-monocyte ratio; NLR: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio.