Resveratrol inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation and metastasis by depleting senescent tumor-associated fibroblasts

Figure 3 Senescent cancer-associated fibroblasts promote the proliferation and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. A: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were cocultured with pancreatic cancer cells; B: The proliferation capacity of PANC1 cells was significantly enhanced when co-cultured with senescent CAFs; C: When co-cultured with senescent CAFs, the proliferative capacity of SW-1990 cells was significantly enhanced; D: The migration of PANC1 cells from the scratch edge to the center was more prominent when co-cultured with CAFs; E: SW-1990 cells exhibited enhanced migration towards the center of the scratch when cocultured with CAFs; F: PANC1 cells cocultured with CAFs had a greater invasion ability; G: SW-1990 cells cocultured with CAFs had a more extraordinary invasion ability; H and I: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition was induced in pancreatic cancer cells by senescent CAFs. The scale bar represents 20 µm. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. CAF: Cancer-associated fibroblasts; PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline.