Effect of perioperative chemotherapy on resection of isolated pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer: A single center experience

Table 4 Univariable Cox proportional hazards model for recurrence

Factors		HR (univariable)
Sex	Male
	Female	0.82 (0.44-1.52, P = 0.530)
Age at CRC diagnosis	≤ 60 years
	> 60 years	0.86 (0.46-1.58, P = 0.630)
Age at time of pulmonary surgery	≤ 60 years
	> 60 years	0.58 (0.32-1.06, P = 0.077)
Smoking history	No
	Yes	1.33 (0.70-2.50, P = 0.380)
Pulmonary metastasis	Synchronous
	Metachronous	1.62 (0.50-5.27, P = 0.420)
Surgical approach for PM	Open
	VATS	0.98 (0.48-1.99, P = 0.950)
Type of resection	Lobectomy
	Sublobar resection	0.82 (0.45-1.48, P = 0.510)
Lymph node dissection	No
	Yes	0.98 (0.54-1.78, P = 0.950)
Perioperative chemotherapy	No
	Yes	0.86 (0.48-1.57, P = 0.640)
Primary tumor T stage	T1-T3
	T4	2.63 (1.18-5.87, P = 0.017)
Primary tumor N stage	N0
	N1 or N2	1.94 (0.95-3.96, P = 0.069)
Primary tumor location	Left colon
	Right colon	0.71 (0.26-1.91, P = 0.500)
	Rectum	0.96 (0.47-1.96, P = 0.920)
CEA levels	≤ 5 ng/mL
	> 5 ng/mL	1.11 (0.58-2.14, P = 0.750)
Number of metastatic lesions	1
	> 1	2.34 (1.21-4.53, P = 0.012)
Tumor size (cm)	≤ 2 cm
	> 2 cm	0.82 (0.44-1.53, P = 0.540)
DFI	≤ 600
	> 600	0.60 (0.33-1.09, P = 0.090)

Bold values indicate P values below the statistical significance threshold. CRC: Colorectal cancer; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; PM: Pulmonary metastases; DFI: Disease-free interval; VATS: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; HR: Hazard ratio.