Advances in the study of gastric organoids as disease models

Figure 1 Gastric organoid cultures from different sources. A: Adipose-derived stem cell-derived gastric organoids: The structures derived from adult stem cells found in the gastric glands, which during 3D cultured to become gastric organoids; B: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived gastric organoids: The iPSCs was differentiated into the definitive endoderm, this endoderm was patterned into both anterior and foregut regions then directed the foregut spheroids to differentiate into the posterior foregut, during 3D cultured to become gastric organoids; C: Organoids from gastric tumors: The tumor tissue is obtained by surgical or endoscopic biopsy, then mechanically disrupted and enzymatically digested to obtain a cell suspension. Allowing the cells to grow and form 3D structures, becoming the patient-derived tumor organoid. ADSC: Adipose-derived stem cell; iPSC: Induced pluripotent stem cells.