Perioperative remedial antiviral therapy in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma resection: How to achieve a better outcome

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients, n (%)

Characteristics	Remedial perioperative antiviral therapy group (n = 108)	Preoperative long-term antiviral therapy group (n = 108)	P value
Patient characteristics
Antiviral treatment			< 0.001
Perioperative	108 (100.0)	0 (0.0)
Long-term	0 (0.0)	108 (100.0)
Sex			0.705
Male	90 (83.3)	93 (86.1)
Female	18 (16.7)	15 (13.9)
Age			0.067
≤ 60 yr	85 (78.7)	72 (66.7)
> 60 yr	23 (21.3)	36 (33.3)
Treatment after resection			0.907
TACE	31 (70.5)	32 (68.1)
RFA	5 (11.4)	6 (12.8)
TACE and RFA	4 (9.1)	6 (12.8)
Radio/chemo	4 (9.1)	3 (6.4)
Preoperative laboratory tests
ALT			0.001
≤ 40 IU/L	48 (44.4)	72 (67.3)
> 40 IU/L	60 (55.6)	35 (32.7)
AST			0.001
≤ 35 IU/L	38 (35.2)	64 (59.8)
> 35 IU/L	70 (64.8)	43 (40.2)
HBeAg			1.000
Negative	74 (68.5)	75 (69.4)
Positive	34 (31.5)	33 (30.6)
Hemoglobin			0.885
≤ 130 g/L	35 (32.4)	37 (34.3)
> 130 g/L	73 (67.6)	71 (65.7)
Creatinine			1.000
≤ 97 μmol/L	107 (99.1)	106 (98.1)
> 97 μmol/L	1 (0.9)	2 (1.9)
Platelets			0.164
≤ 120 × 109/L	37 (34.3)	48 (44.4)
> 120 × 109/L	71 (65.7)	60 (55.6)
Leukocytes			1.000
≤ 9.5 × 109/L	101 (93.5)	102 (94.4)
> 9.5 × 109/L	7 (6.5)	6 (5.6)
NEUT			0.503
≤ 75%	83 (76.9)	88 (81.5)
> 75%	25 (23.1)	20 (18.5)
Bilirubin			0.041
≤ 17 μmol/L	48 (44.4)	64 (59.8)
> 17 μmol/L	60 (55.6)	44 (40.7)
Albumin			0.259
≤ 35 g/L	29 (26.9)	21 (19.4)
> 35 g/L	79 (73.1)	87 (80.6)
Prothrombin time			0.592
≤ 13 s	9 (8.3)	6 (5.6)
> 13 s	99 (91.7)	102 (94.4)
International normalized ratio			0.378
≤ 1.3	94 (87.0)	99 (91.7)
> 1.3	14 (13.0)	9 (8.3)
Alpha fetoprotein			0.187
≤ 400 ng/mL	70 (47.8)	79 (79.3)
> 400 ng/mL	38 (52.2)	29 (20.7)
HBV-DNA level			< 0.001
≤ 10000 copies/mL	49 (52.7)	75 (96.2)
> 10000 copies/mL	44 (47.3)	3 (3.8)
Operation information
Type of operation			0.192
I (low range)	49 (45.4)	59 (55.1)
II (middle range)	15 (13.9)	17 (15.9)
III (high range)	44 (40.7)	31 (29.0)
Liver fibrosis			0.381
No	23 (21.3)	17 (15.7)
Yes	85 (78.7)	91 (84.3)
Operation time			0.674
≤ 3 h	39 (36.1)	43 (39.8)
> 3 h	69 (63.9)	65 (60.2)
Blood loss			0.055
≤ 400 mL	26 (32.1)	35 (48.6)
> 400 mL	55 (67.9)	37 (51.4)
Resection margins			0.388
≤ 1 cm	75 (73.5)	82 (79.6)
> 1 cm	27 (26.5)	21 (20.4)
Tumor information
Capsular invasion			0.116
No	28 (26.2)	40 (37.4)
Yes	78 (72.9)	67 (62.6)
Tumor diameter			0.339
≤ 5 cm	57 (52.8)	64 (59.3)
> 5 cm	51 (47.2)	44 (40.7)
Tumor number			0.879
Single	97 (89.8)	101 (93.5)
Numerous	11 (10.2)	7 (6.5)
BCLC stage			0.051
O	6 (5.6)	18 (16.7)
A	87 (80.6)	78 (72.2)
B	5 (4.6)	2 (1.9)
C	10 (9.3)	10 (9.3)
Tumor differentiation			0.168
Poor	32 (30.5)	21 (19.6)
Moderate	70 (66.7)	81 (75.7)
High	3 (2.9)	5 (4.7)
Portal vein invasion			1.000
No	98 (90.7)	98 (90.7)
Yes	10 (9.3)	10 (9.3)
MVI			0.090
0	39 (36.1)	52 (48.1)
1	34 (31.5)	34 (31.5)
2	35 (32.4)	22 (20.4)
Satellite lesions			0.378
No	94 (87.0)	99 (91.7)
Yes	14 (13.0)	9 (8.3)

TACE: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; RFA: Radio frequency ablation; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e Antigen; BCLC stage: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; MVI: Microvascular invasion.