Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. May 15, 2024; 16(5): 1705-1724
Published online May 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.1705
Table 2 The intestinal mesenchymal sub-populations in homeostasis of intestinal tissue
Cell
Functions
Markers
Mesenchymal stem cellsStem cell properties, differentiation potential into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondroblasts, and maintain hematopoiesisVimentin+, CD90+, PDGFRα+, PDGFRβ+, ΙCAM1+, VCAM1+, CD73+, CD105+, CD29+, CD44+, and SMM-
Intestinal subepithelial myofibroblastsMechanical support, immune regulation, angiogenesis regulation, vascular function, stem cell niche maintenance, epithelial homeostasis, and extracellular matrix maintenanceαSMA+, vimentin+, CD90+, Desmin-, ER-TR7+. PDGFRβ+, VCAM1-, MHC class I, II+, CD80+, CD86+, collagen I +, NG2+, AOC3+, NKX2-3-, SHOX2-, SMM-, and FAP+
Smooth muscle cellsMechanical support and smooth muscle contractionαSMA+, vimentin-, CD90-, Desmin+, FSP1-, PDGFRα+, VCAM1-, NG2+, AOC3+, NKX2-3+, SHOX2-, and SMM+
PericytesAngiogenesis regulation, vascular function, cell trafficking, and stem cell propertiesαSMA+, vimentin+, Desmin+, PDGFRα+, PDGFRβ+, VCAM1+, MHC class I, II+, CD80+, CD86+, NG2+, and SMM-
Lamina propria fibroblastsMechanical support, immune regulation, angiogenesis regulation, vascular function, stem cell niche maintenance epithelial homeostasis, extracellular matrix maintenanceαSMA-, vimentin+, CD90+, Desmin-, FSP1+, PDGFRα+, PDGFRβ-, VCAM1-, AOC3-, NKX2-3-, SHOX2+, and SMM-
CD90: Cluster of differentiation 90; PDGFRα: Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha; PDGFRβ: Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta; ICAM1: Intercellular adhesion molecule 1; VCAM1: Vascular cell adhesion protein 1; CD73: Cluster of differentiation 73; CD105: Cluster of differentiation 105; CD29: Cluster of differentiation 29; CD44: Cluster of differentiation 44; SMM: Smooth muscle myosin; α-SMA: Alpha smooth muscle actin; ER-TR7: Fibroblasts monoclonal antibody; MHC class I: Major histocompatibility complex class I; MHC class II: Major histocompatibility complex class II; CD80: Cluster of differentiation 80; CD86: Cluster of differentiation 86; NG2: Neuron-glial antigen 2; AOC3: Amine oxidase copper containing 3; NKX2-3: NK2 Homeobox 3; SHOX2: Short stature homeobox 2; FAP: Fibroblast activating protein; FSP1: Fibroblast-specific protein 1.