Success rate of current human-derived gastric cancer organoids establishment and influencing factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 The culture characteristic of included studies

Ref.	Digestion	Success/total	Morphology	Passage time	Culture medium changing time
Yan et al[21], 2018	EDTA, DL-dithiothreitol	34/68	NM	2 wk	Per 2-3 d
Kawasaki et al[22], 2020	Liberase TH, TrypLE express	3/8	NM	NM	Per 3-4 d
Nanki et al[23], 2018	Liberase TH, TrypLE express	44/59	Solid, glandular, mixed	NM	Every 3 or 4 d
Steele et al[24], 2019	Collagenase, hyaluronidase	7/10	Spherical nest, cribriform glandular	NM	Every 2 d
Li et al[25], 2022	Collagenase	12/26	Glandular, solid, cystic, grape-like, or mixed	Every 2 wk	Every 3 d
Zou et al[26], 2022	Collagenase I, II, IV	9/10	Glandular, solid, mixed	Every 6-8 d	Every 2-3 d
Li et al[27], 2023	NM	12/26	Dense morphology and no lumen. Only a few showed cystic structure and epithelial thickening	Every 1-2 wk	Every 3 d
Togasaki et al[28], 2020	Liberase TH, TrypLE express	7	NM	NM	Every 3-4 d
Xiao et al[29], 2020	Collagenase	3	Cystic	Every 2-3 d	Every 4 d
Seidlitz et al[30], 2019	EDTA, collagenase, hyaluronidase	20	Non-coherent grape-like growth pattern, compact morphology with no lumen, a single layered epithelium and cyst-like structure	Twice a week	Twice a week
Gao et al[31], 2018	Collagenase II, TrypLE	15	Gastric pit cells surrounding a central lumen	Every 5-8 d	Every 2-3 d
Bartfeld et al[32], 2015	EDTA	10	Buddings that surrounded a central lumen	Every 14 d	Every 2-3 d
Wang et al[33], 2019	NM	3	NM	NM	Every 2 d
Kumar et al[34], 2022	Collagenase	31	NM	Every 7-10 d	NM
Harada et al[35], 2021	EDTA	12	Crypt-like	Twice a week	Every 3 d
Ukai et al[36], 2020	15 mM EDTA	10	Crypt-like	Twice a week	Every 2-3 d
Tong et al[37], 2023	Not accessible	56/58	NM	NM	NM
Yamaguchi et al[38], 2022	Collagenase type 3, DNAse I	14	Cystic	NM	NM

NM: Not mentioned.