Risk factors, prognostic factors, and nomograms for distant metastasis in patients with diagnosed duodenal cancer: A population-based study

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1384

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Clinical and Translational Research

World J Gastrointest Oncol. Apr 15, 2024; 16(4): 1384-1420
Published online Apr 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1384

Table 3 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed duodenal cancer with distant metastasis, n (%)

	Training (%) (n = 319)	Validation (n = 138)	Overall (n = 457)	χ²	P value
Age, yr				0.839	0.657
< 60	94 (29.5)	46 (33.3)	140 (30.6)
> 70	124 (38.9)	53 (38.4)	177 (38.7)
60-70	101 (31.7)	39 (28.3)	140 (30.6)
Race				0.351	0.839
Black	61 (19.1)	26 (18.8)	87 (19.0)
Other	29 (9.1)	15 (10.9)	44 (9.6)
White	229 (71.8)	97 (70.3)	326 (71.3)
Sex				1.010	0.315
Female	145 (45.5)	55 (39.9)	200 (43.8)
Male	174 (54.5)	83 (60.1)	257 (56.2)
Marital status				0.046	0.831
Married	190 (59.6)	80 (58.0)	270 (59.1)
Single	129 (40.4)	58 (42.0)	187 (40.9)
Income				1.765	0.414
$50000-$70000	147 (46.1)	57 (41.3)	204 (44.6)
< $50000	43 (13.5)	16 (11.6)	59 (12.9)
> $70000	129 (40.4)	65 (47.1)	194 (42.5)
PRCDA				2.04420	0.153
No	220 (69.0)	105 (76.1)	325 (71.1)
Yes	99 (31.0)	33 (23.9)	132 (28.9)
T				0.4560	0.500
T1-T2	59 (18.5)	30 (21.7)	89 (19.5)
T3-T4	260 (81.5)	108 (78.3)	368 (80.5)
N				0.043	0.837
N0	146 (45.8)	61 (44.2)	207 (45.3)
N1-N2	173 (54.2)	77 (55.8)	250 (54.7)
Surgery				0.468	0.494
No	238 (74.6)	98 (71.0)	336 (73.5)
Yes	81 (25.4)	40 (29.0)	121 (26.5)
Chemotherapy				0.324	0.569
No	144 (45.1)	67 (48.6)	211 (46.2)
Yes	175 (54.9)	71 (51.4)	246 (53.8)
Radiation				0.192	0.661
No	278 (87.1)	123 (89.1)	401 (87.7)
Yes	41 (12.9)	15 (10.9)	56 (12.3)
Grade				0.613	0.736
I	35 (11.0)	12 (8.7)	47 (10.3)
II	78 (24.5)	33 (23.9)	111 (24.3)
III-IV	206 (64.6)	93 (67.4)	299 (65.4)
Tumor size, mm				0.157	0.692
< 25	55 (17.2)	21 (15.2)	76 (16.6)
25	264 (82.8)	117 (84.8)	381 (83.4)
Histology				0.506	0.776
Adenocarcinoma	181 (56.7)	78 (56.5)	259 (56.7)
Carcinoid tumor	24 (7.5)	13 (9.4)	37 (8.1)
Other	114 (35.7)	47 (34.1)	161 (35.2)
Lung				3.109	0.0779
No	290 (90.9)	117 (84.8)	407 (89.1)
Yes	29 (9.1)	21 (15.2)	50 (10.9)
Bone				0.072	0.788
No	304 (95.3)	133 (96.4)	437 (95.6)
Yes	15 (4.7)	5 (3.6)	20 (4.4)
Brain				0.588	2.326
No	317 (99.4)	136 (98.6)	453 (99.1)
Yes	2 (0.6)	2 (1.4)	4 (0.9)
Liver				0.315	0.575
No	56 (17.6)	28 (20.3)	84 (18.4)
Yes	263 (82.4)	110 (79.7)	373 (81.6)

PRCDA: Purchased Referred Care Delivery Area.

Citation: Shang JR, Xu CY, Zhai XX, Xu Z, Qian J. Risk factors, prognostic factors, and nomograms for distant metastasis in patients with diagnosed duodenal cancer: A population-based study. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16(4): 1384-1420
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v16/i4/1384.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1384