Clinical and Translational Research
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Apr 15, 2024; 16(4): 1384-1420
Published online Apr 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1384
Table 3 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed duodenal cancer with distant metastasis, n (%)

Training (%) (n = 319)
Validation (n = 138)
Overall (n = 457)
χ2
P value
Age, yr                        0.8390.657
< 6094 (29.5)46 (33.3)140 (30.6)                
> 70124 (38.9)53 (38.4)177 (38.7)                
60-70101 (31.7)39 (28.3)140 (30.6)                
Race                0.3510.839
Black61 (19.1)26 (18.8)87 (19.0)                
Other29 (9.1)15 (10.9)44 (9.6)                
White229 (71.8)97 (70.3)326 (71.3)                
Sex                        1.0100.315
Female145 (45.5)55 (39.9)200 (43.8)                
Male174 (54.5)83 (60.1)257 (56.2)                
Marital status                        0.0460.831
Married190 (59.6)80 (58.0)270 (59.1)                
Single129 (40.4)58 (42.0)187 (40.9)                
Income                        1.7650.414
$50000-$70000147 (46.1)57 (41.3)204 (44.6)                
< $5000043 (13.5)16 (11.6)59 (12.9)                
> $70000129 (40.4)65 (47.1)194 (42.5)                
PRCDA                        2.044200.153
No220 (69.0)105 (76.1)325 (71.1)                
Yes99 (31.0)33 (23.9)132 (28.9)                
T                0.45600.500
T1-T259 (18.5)30 (21.7)89 (19.5)                
T3-T4260 (81.5)108 (78.3)368 (80.5)                
N                0.0430.837
N0146 (45.8)61 (44.2)207 (45.3)                
N1-N2173 (54.2)77 (55.8)250 (54.7)                
Surgery                0.4680.494
No238 (74.6)98 (71.0)336 (73.5)                
Yes81 (25.4)40 (29.0)121 (26.5)                
Chemotherapy                0.3240.569
No144 (45.1)67 (48.6)211 (46.2)                
Yes175 (54.9)71 (51.4)246 (53.8)                
Radiation                0.1920.661
No278 (87.1)123 (89.1)401 (87.7)                
Yes41 (12.9)15 (10.9)56 (12.3)                
Grade                        0.6130.736
I35 (11.0)12 (8.7)47 (10.3)                
II78 (24.5)33 (23.9)111 (24.3)                
III-IV206 (64.6)93 (67.4)299 (65.4)                
Tumor size, mm                        0.1570.692
< 2555 (17.2)21 (15.2)76 (16.6)                
25264 (82.8)117 (84.8)381 (83.4)                
Histology                        0.5060.776
Adenocarcinoma181 (56.7)78 (56.5)259 (56.7)                
Carcinoid tumor24 (7.5)13 (9.4)37 (8.1)                
Other114 (35.7)47 (34.1)161 (35.2)                
Lung                        3.1090.0779
No290 (90.9)117 (84.8)407 (89.1)                
Yes29 (9.1)21 (15.2)50 (10.9)                
Bone                        0.0720.788
No304 (95.3)133 (96.4)437 (95.6)                
Yes15 (4.7)5 (3.6)20 (4.4)                
Brain                        0.5882.326
No317 (99.4)136 (98.6)453 (99.1)                
Yes2 (0.6)2 (1.4)4 (0.9)                
Liver                        0.3150.575
No56 (17.6)28 (20.3)84 (18.4)                
Yes263 (82.4)110 (79.7)373 (81.6)