Identification of breath volatile organic compounds to distinguish pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cystic neoplasm, and patients without pancreatic lesions

Table 4 Performance for pancreatic adenocarcinoma diagnosis of acetone dimer, CA19-9, and combination of acetone dimer and CA19-9

Biomarker	AUC	Cut off	Sensitivity, %	Specificity, %	Accuracy, %	NPV, %	PPV, %	P value1
CA19-9	0.796	28.75	76.7	88.4	85.3	83.3	88.4	-
Dimethyl sulfide	0.671	0.78	68.5	59.8	62.8	78.2	47.4	0.115
Dimethyl sulfide + CA19-9	0.823	0.31	80	76.7	57.0	84.6	70.6	0.555
Acetone dimer	0.910	4.97	87.0	92.2	90.4	93.1	85.5	0.116
Acetone dimer + CA19-9	0.936	0.29	96.7	86.0	90.4	97.4	82.9	0.020

¹P value when compared to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CA19-9. NPV: Negative predictive value; PPV: Positive predictive value.