Prognostic nutritional index in predicting survival of patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: A systematic review

Table 4 Patient clinical characteristics

Ref.	Tumor location	TNM stage	Operation	Chemotherapy
Hashimoto et al[21]	NS	I, n = 53 (48.6%). II, n = 31 (28.4%). III, n = 25 (22.9%)	Open surgery 54 (49.5%), laparoscopic 55 (50.5%). Distal/total/proximal gastrectomy: 70/37/2. D2 lymphadenectomy, n = 38 (34.9%)	Adjuvant 13 (11.9%). Neoadjuvant NS
Hirahara et al[31]	EGJ, n = 6. Upper, n = 41. Middle, n = 91. Lower, n = 80	Ia-Ib, n = 92, IIa-IIb, n = 51, IIIa-IIIc, n = 75. T1/2/3/4: 80/27/45/66. N0/1/2/3: 120/30/33/35	Laparoscopic total/laparoscopic partial/laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy: 60/14/144	Adjuvant: Yes n = 79, no n = 139. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the exclusion criteria
Hirahara et al[22]	EGJ, n = 11. U, n = 70. M, n = 162. L, n = 125	IA-IB, n = 217. IIA-IIB, n = 65. IIIC-IIIC, n = 86. T1/2/3/4: 192/48/54/74. N0/1/2/3: 244/40/42/42	Laparoscopic total/laparoscopic partial/laparoscopy assisted distal gastrectomy: 82/37/249	Adjuvant: Yes n = 100, no n = 268
Ishiguro et al[23]	Upper, n = 63 (24.4%). Middle, n = 113 (43.8%). Lower, n = 82 (31.8%)	T1, n = 138 (53.5%). T2 or T3, n = 120 (46.5%). Lymphatic invasion positive/negative: 90 (34.9%)/168 (65.1%)	Total/distal/partial gastrectomy: 66/180/11. D1+/D2 lymphadenectomy: 139/112	77% of the patients in the high PNI group and 47% in the low PNI group (amongst stages II and III patients)
Kudou et al[12]	EGJ = 96, UGC = 110	T1 97 (47.1%), T2 25 (12.1%), T3 55 (26.7%), T4 29 (14.1%). N0 136 (66.0%), N1 33 (16.0%), N2 13 (6.3%), N3 24 (11.7%). I/II/III: 113 (54.9%)/52 (25.2%)/41 (19.9%)	Total/proximal gastrectomy: 161/45. D1 lymphadenectomy (for T1 tumors), n = 97. D2 lymphadenectomy (for T2-4 tumors), n = 64	Adjuvant: Yes, n = 51 (24.8%), no, n = 155 (75.2%). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the exclusion criteria
Lee et al[13]	NS	T1 4182 (53.8%), T2 944 (12.1%), T3 913 (11.7%), T4a 1700 (21.9%), T4b 42 (0.5%). N0 4967 (63.8%), N1 941 (12.1%), N2 798 (10.3%), N3 1075 (13.8%). Stage I 4608 (59.2%), II 1286 (16.5%), III 1887 (24.3%)	Subtotal gastrectomy 5895 (75.8%). Total gastrectomy 1886 (24.2%)	Patients with stage II or higher disease were recommended for adjuvant chemotherapy (numbers not mentioned). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the exclusion criteria
Lin et al[15]	Upper 521 (23.9%). Middle 465 (21.3%). Lower 923 (42.3%). Mixed 273 (12.5%)	TNM stage: I 632 (29.0), II 526 (24.1), III 1024 (46.9)	Total gastrectomy 1134 (52.0%). Distal gastrectomy 998 (45.7%). Proximal gastrectomy 50 (2.3%)	1223 patients (56%): Adjuvant chemotherapy n = 1223 (56%). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy NS
Liu et al[24]	Upper third 511 (38.4%). Middle third 278 (20.9%). Lower third 541 (40.7%)	I 220 (16.5%). II 334 (25.1%). III 776 (58.3%)	D2 gastrectomy with R0 resection	Adjuvant chemotherapy n = 817. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the exclusion criteria
Murakami et al[1]	NS	T1 n = 147, T2/3/4 n = 107. N0 n = 181, N1/2/3 n = 73. Stage I n = 161, II/III n = 93	Distal/proximal gastrectomy n = 181, total gastrectomy n = 73. D0/1/1+ lymphadenectomy n = 171, D2 lymphadenectomy n = 83	NS
Saito et al[25]	NS	T1 n = 284, T2/3/4 n = 169. Lymph node metastasis absent/present: 343/110	Curative gastrectomy (R0 resection) with regional dissection of lymph nodes. Partial/proximal/total gastrectomy: 311/42/100	Adjuvant chemotherapy n = 64, neoadjuvant chemotherapy n = 5, perioperative chemotherapy n = 10
Shen et al[26]	Upper 158. Middle 202. Lower 165	Training/validation set: I 138 (37.40%)/64 (41.03%), II 84 (22.76%)/39 (25.00%), III 147 (39.84%)/53 (33.97%)	Robotic gastrectomy proximal/distal/total: 110/272/143	Neoadjuvant chemotherapy n = 116, adjuvant n = 267
Takechi et al[17]	NS	Stage: I n = 114 (62.6%), II n = 38 (20.9%), III n = 30 (16.5%)	Distal/total/proximal gastrectomy: 124 (68.1%)/51 (28%)/7 (3.8%). D1/D1+/D2 lymphadenectomy: 32 (17.6%)/74 (40.7%)/76 (41.8%)	Postoperative patients with stages II and III GC n = 33 (18.1%). Neoadjuvant NS
Toyokawa et al[27]	Upper n = 57 (23.8%). Middle n = 98 (40.8%). Lower n = 83 (34.6%). Whole n = 2 (0.8%)	Only stage II patients: IIA n = 111 (46.3%), IIB n = 129 (53.7%)	Total/proximal/distal gastrectomy: 72/1/167	Adjuvant chemotherapy: Yes 62/no 178. Neoadjuvant in the exclusion criteria
Toyokawa et al[28]	Upper/middle/lower n = 209 (92.9%). Whole 16 (7.1%)	IIIA 80 (35.6%), IIIB 72 (32.0%), IIIC 73 (32.4%)	Total/distal gastrectomy: 108 (48%)/117 (52%)	Adjuvant chemotherapy: Yes 41 (18.2%)/no 184 (81.8%)
Wu et al[29]	NS	Only stage III: n = 77 (100%)	Partial gastrectomy (n = 15), total gastrectomy (n = 62)	The average number of chemotherapy cycles was 6.77 ± 4.14, and all patients completed > 2 chemotherapy cycles. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the exclusion criteria
Xu et al[30]	EGJ	I 48 (20.3%), II 53 (22.4%), III 135 (57.2%)	Curative gastro-esophageal resection with R0 resection	NS

NS: Not stated; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis; EGJ: Esophagogastric junction; U: Upper; M: Middle; L: Lower; UGC: Upper gastric cancer; GC: Gastric cancer.