Nomogram model based on γ-glutamyl transferase to albumin ratio predicts survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with transarterial chemoembolization treatment

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of overall survival before propensity score matching

Variables	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Gender (male/female)	1.094 (0.898-1.334)	0.372
Age (≥ 60/< 60 years)	0.888 (0.770-1.024)	0.102
HBV (positive/negative)	1.087 (0.941-1.255)	0.257
HCV (positive/negative)	0.657 (0.406-1.062)	0.086
Alcohol (yes/no)	1.069 (0.927-1.233)	0.360
Diabetes (yes/no)	0.913 (0.718-1.162)	0.460
Hypertension (yes/no)	0.899 (0.732-1.104)	0.310
GAR-high	2.075 (1.804-2.388)	< 0.001	1.533 (1.285-1.828)	< 0.001
ALT levels ≥ 40, U/L	1.313 (1.141-1.511)	< 0.001	1.003 (0.862-1.166)	0.973
ALP levels ≥ 125, U/L	1.730 (1.495-2.001)	< 0.001	1.008 (0.840-1.209)	0.932
Serum AFP ≥ 500, ng/mL	1.326 (1.152-1.525)	< 0.001	0.982 (0.846-1.140)	0.814
Child-Pugh A vs B/C	1.812 (1.553-2.113)	< 0.001	1.389 (1.176-1.640)	< 0.001
Lymph node metastasis	1.435 (1.246-1.652)	< 0.001	0.940 (0.779-1.133)	0.514
Extrahepatic metastasis	1.679 (1.424-1.979)	< 0.001	1.301 (1.091-1.550)	0.003
PVTT	1.958 (1.701-2.253)	< 0.001	1.372 (1.150-1.637)	< 0.001
BCLC stage A vs B vs C vs D
A	1	< 0.001	1	0.106
B	1.409 (1.036-1.916)	0.029	0.865 (0.603-1.241)	0.432
C	2.447 (1.911-3.135)	< 0.001	1.142 (0.810-1.611)	0.447
D	3.538 (1.823-6.868)	< 0.001	1.867 (0.929-3.752)	0.079
Number of tumors ≥ 2	1.614 (1.365-1.909)	< 0.001	1.381 (1.132-1.685)	0.001
Tumor diameter, cm
< 3	1	< 0.001	1	< 0.001
≥ 3, < 5	1.692 (1.262-2.270)	< 0.001	1.684 (1.245-2.278)	0.001
≥ 5, < 10	2.114 (1.633-2.737)	< 0.001	1.756 (1.337-2.306)	< 0.001
≥ 10	2.930 (2.250-3.816)	< 0.001	1.822 (1.364-2.435)	< 0.001

GAR-high: γ-glutamyl transferase to albumin ratio ≥ 4.75; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; PVTT: Portal vein tumor thrombus; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer.