Jianpi-Huatan-Huoxue-Anshen formula ameliorates gastrointestinal inflammation and microecological imbalance in chemotherapy-treated mice transplanted with H22 hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 2 Tzu-Chi cancer-antagonizing & life-protecting II decoction effectively improves body weight, tumor weight/volume, pathological changes in tumors and the liver, thymus and spleen weight, thymus and spleen indexes, and pathological changes in the stomach, ileum, and colon of H22 hepatocellular carcinoma mice after chemotherapy. Hematoxylin/eosin-stained tissue sections were observed by light microscopy (magnification, × 400). A: Body weight change; B: Tumor volume (7^th day); C: Tumor volume (14^th day); D-H: Analysis of tumor weight (D), thymus weight (E), thymus index (F), spleen weight (G), and spleen index (H); I-L1: Pathological changes of tumor tissue (I-N), liver tissue (O-T), stomach tissue (U-Z), ileum tissue (A1-F1), and colon tissue (G1-L1) in different groups; I, O, U, A1 and G1: NS-Contr (saline-treated control); J, P, V, B1, and H1: 5-FU-Contr (25 mg/kg); K, Q, W, C1, and I1: Yangzhengxiaoji capsules (0.78 g/kg); L, R, X, D1, and J1: Tzu-Chi cancer-antagonizing & life-protecting II decoction (TCCL)-H (17.6 g/kg); M, S, Y, E1, and K1: TCCL-M (8.8 g/kg); N, T, Z, F1, and L1: TCCL-L (4.4 g/kg). The scale bars for I to T are 50 μm. The scale bars for U to Z and A1 to L1 are 100 μm. Data with error bars are represented as the mean ± SD (n = 6 or 7). ^aP < 0.05 vs NS-Contr; ^bP < 0.01 vs NS-Contr; ^cP < 0.05 vs 5-fluorouracil (FU)-Contr; ^dP < 0.01 vs 5-FU-Contr, one-way ANOVA. 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil; YZXJ: Yangzhengxiaoji capsules; TCCL-H: High-dose Tzu-Chi cancer-antagonizing & life-protecting II decoction; TCCL-M: Medium-dose Tzu-Chi cancer-antagonizing & life-protecting II decoction; TCCL-L: Low-dose Tzu-Chi cancer-antagonizing & life-protecting II decoction.