Development and application of hepatocellular carcinoma risk prediction model based on clinical characteristics and liver related indexes

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1486

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Aug 15, 2023; 15(8): 1486-1496
Published online Aug 15, 2023. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1486

Table 1 Characteristics of the study population (n = 2206)

Characteristic	Training cohort		Validation cohort
Characteristic	HCC (n = 496)	Non-HCC (n = 1243)	HCC (n = 156)	Non-HCC (n = 311)
Age (yr)	57.86 ± 11.89^a	53.84 ± 14.53	58.47 ± 11.87^b	54.33 ± 13.53
Gender
Male, n (%)	411 (82.9)^a	759 (61.1)	131 (84.0)^b	169 (54.3%)
Female, n (%)	85 (17.1)^a	484 (38.9)	25 (16.0)^b	142 (45.7%)
PIVKA-II, mAU/mL	1321.03 (117.91-9792.97)^a	24.04 (18.21-37.02)	1337.95 (92.76-11380.07)^b	22.69 (16.92-32.41)
AFP, ng/mL	178.65 (8.33-6474.00)^a	3.60 (1.80-11.75)	145.45 (6.25-2439.10)^b	3.70 (1.90-8.75)
TBIL, μmol/L	21.20 (15.60-31.85)^a	29.80 (15.70-127.50)	21.20 (14.43-32.73)^b	27.40 (15.45-94.05)
GGT, IU/L	130.00 (59.75-279.75)^a	78.20 (29.00-197.00)	145.40 (60.75-272.75)^b	63.00 (25.00-168.35)
AST, U/L	61.10 (38.00-110.00)^a	56.00 (28.00-178.00)	60.00 (37.00-102.83)^b	49.00 (25.00-147.80)
ALT, U/L	42.00 (26.00-70.00)^a	44.00 (21.00-210.85)	43.00 (25.57-68.00)^b	37.00 (19.50-149.00)
TBA, μmol/L	11.10 (4.50-27.45)^a	18.80 (4.10-123.95)	10.20 (4.27-22.10)^b	16.20 (4.00-97.45)
ALB, g/L	37.10 (32.30-41.40)^a	36.10 (30.00-42.20)	37.75 (34.00-41.42)^b	36.80 (30.85-41.90)
HBsAg
Positive, n (%)	388 (78.2)^a	555 (44.7)	123 (78.8)^b	131 (42.1)
Negative, n (%)	108 (21.8)^a	688 (55.3)	33 (21.2)^b	180 (57.9)
Child Pugh Class
Class A, n (%)	317 (63.9)^a	583 (46.9)	103 (66.0)^b	155 (49.8)
Class B, n (%)	151 (30.4)^a	430 (34.6)	45 (28.8)^b	103 (33.1)
Class C, n (%)	28 (5.6)^a	230 (18.5)	8 (5.1)^b	53 (17.0)

^aP < 0.05, compared with non-hepatocellular carcinoma group in training cohort.

^bP < 0.05, compared with non-hepatocellular carcinoma group in validation cohort.

Data are presented as mean standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or numbers (%). HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; TBA: Total bile acid; TBIL: Total bilirubin; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; PIVKA-II: Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; ALB: Albumin.

Citation: Liu ZJ, Xu Y, Wang WX, Guo B, Zhang GY, Luo GC, Wang Q. Development and application of hepatocellular carcinoma risk prediction model based on clinical characteristics and liver related indexes. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15(8): 1486-1496
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v15/i8/1486.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1486