Application of G-quadruplex targets in gastrointestinal cancers: Advancements, challenges and prospects

Table 6 Overview of investigations on the effects of small molecule ligands based on G-quadruplex targets in gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Ligands/biomolecules	Cell lines	Targeting gene/G-quadruplex	Effects on G-quadruplex	Effects on genes	Anticancer phenotypes	Ref.
6-Substituted indenoisoquinolines	GIST882	c-kit	Stabilized G-quadruplex	Inhibited c-kit transcription	Cytotoxicity, inhibited expression of c-kit protein	[196]
N,N’-Bis(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethylamino)-2,6-bis(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethylamino)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid diimide	GIST882, GIST48, GIST62	c-kit, BCL-2, BCL-2 mRNA	Stabilized G-quadruplex	Not detected	Cytotoxicity, inhibited expression of c-kit and BCL-2 proteins	[197,198]

BCL-2: B-cell lymphoma 2.