Crosstalk between gut microbiota and COVID-19 impacts pancreatic cancer progression

Table 1 Clinical and pre-clinical studies in coronavirus disease 2019 and pancreatic cancer

Disease	Antibody/drug	Target	Title	ClinicalTrials.gov identifier	Ref.
COVID-19	Tocilizumab	IL-6 receptor	Efficacy of Tocilizumab on Patients With COVID-19	NCT04356937	[75]
COVID-19	Tocilizumab	IL-6 receptor	A Study to Investigate Intravenous Tocilizumab in Participants with Moderate to Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia	NCT04363736	[76,77]
COVID-19	Tocilizumab	IL-6 receptor	RECOVERY Trial: Open-Label RCT of Tocilizumab and Usual Care in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19	NCT04381936	[78,79]
COVID-19	Sarilumab	IL-6 receptor	Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Sarilumab in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19	NCT04315298	[80,81]
COVID-19	Sarilumab	IL-6 receptor	Sarilumab COVID-19	NCT04327388	[82]
COVID-19	Siltuximab	IL-6	An Observational Study of the Use of Siltuximab (SYLVANT) in Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19 Infection Who Have Developed Serious Respiratory Complications (SISCO)	NCT04322188	[83]
COVID-19	Siltuximab	IL-6	Treatment of COVID-19 Patients with Anti-interleukin Drugs (COV-AID)	NCT04330638	[84]
COVID-19	Clazakizumab	IL-6	Study for the Use of the IL-6 Inhibitor Clazakizumab in Patients with Life-threatening COVID-19 Infection	NCT04381052	None
COVID-19	Clazakizumab	IL-6	Clazakizumab (Anti-IL-6 Monoclonal) Compared to Placebo for COVID-19	NCT04348500	None
COVID-19	Clazakizumab	IL-6	A Randomized Placebo-controlled Safety and Dose-finding Study for the Use of the IL-6 Inhibitor Clazakizumab in Patients with Life-threatening COVID-19 Infection	NCT04343989	None
COVID-19	Furosemide	IL-6 and TNF-α	Furosemide as Supportive Therapy for COVID-19 Respiratory Failure	NCT04588792	[72]
COVID-19	BMS-986253	IL-8	Anti-IL-8 for Patients With COVID-19	NCT04347226	None
Pancreatic cancer	Siltuximab	IL-6	Siltuximab and Spartalizumab in Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer	NCT04191421	None
Pancreatic cancer	Bazedoxifene	IL-6	Bazedoxifene as a Concomitant Treatment of Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (BAZE)	NCT04812808	None
Pancreatic cancer	Bazedoxifene and Navarixin (SCH527123)	IL-6 and IL-8	Blocking IL-6 and IL-8 Signaling Inhibits Cell Viability, Colony-forming Activity, and Cell Migration in Human Triple-negative Breast Cancer and Pancreatic Cancer Cells	Pre-clinical research	None
Pancreatic cancer	Antibody	IL-6 and PD-L1	IL-6 and PD-L1 antibody blockade combination therapy reduces tumor progression in murine models of pancreatic cancer	Pre-clinical research	None
Pancreatic cancer	Oncolytic vaccinia virus armed with IL-10	IL-10	A new role of IL-10 in enhancing the antitumor efficacy of oncolytic vaccinia virus for the treatment of pancreatic cancer	Pre-clinical research	None

COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; IL: Interleukin; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; PD-L1: Programmed death 1.