Gut microbiome and pancreatic cancer cachexia: An evolving relationship

Table 3 Gut microbiome compositional changes in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer receiving 12 wk of enteral feeding for cachexia

Stool microbiome assessment1	Outcome
Relative abundance from baseline (time 0) to 12 wk (n = 6)	Increased abundance: Veillonella genera (P = 0.015); Actinomyces genera (P = 0.039). Decreased abundance: Bacteroides genera (P = 0.015); Butyricicoccus genera (P = 0.039)
Relative abundance in baseline stool samples from subjects achieving weight stability (n = 8)	Increased abundance: Veillonella genera (P = 0.0006). Decreased abundance: Bifidobacterium genera (P = 2.35 × 10-5)2
Diversity indices (n = 8)	Weight stability associated with reduced diversity by Chao1 index of richness (P = 0.0208) but not reduced species richness and evenness by Shannon index (P = 0.187)

¹Performed through 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.

²Taxa summary plot suggested that this finding was driven by a high percentage of this bacterium in one patient who had a much higher overall survival than the mean.