Gut and liver involvement in pediatric hematolymphoid malignancies

Table 3 Workup in Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Workup
Mandatory investigations	Hemogram, complete liver function test (including coagulation), abdominal ultrasonography, chest Xray, skeletal survey (radiologic/nuclear), bone marrow examination
Optional	Complete body PET scan (at baseline and follow-up to monitor response and recurrence)
Special investigations
Liver/biliary dysfunction	Liver biopsy, magnetic resonance cholangiography
Lung involvement	HRCT, pulmonary function test, bronchioalveolar lavage, lung biopsy (if necessary)
Craniofacial involvement, aural discharge, visual anomalies	MRI head, HRCT temporal bone
Diabetes inspidus	Urine specific gravity, water deprivation test, MRI head
Short stature, pubertal issues	Hormonal assessment, MRI head
Spinal involvement	MRI spine, spinal biopsy

PET: Positron emission tomography; HRCT: High-resolution computed tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging.