Frankincense myrrh attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating tumor blood vessel development through multiple epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated signaling pathways

Figure 9 The effect of frankincense and/or myrrh on VEGF and MMP-9. A-C: The protein levels of VEGF and MMP-9 in tumor body, the protein expression indicated with Western blot, and β-actin was used as internal control; D and E: The mRNA levels of VEGF and MMP-9 in tumor body, the mRNA expression was analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, with GAPDH was reference gene. LF: Low dose of frankincense extract; HF: High dose of frankincense extract; LM: Low dose of myrrh extract; HM: High dose of myrrh extract; LFM: Low dose of frankincense + myrrh extracts; HFM: High dose of frankincense + myrrh extracts. Data represents the mean ± SE. ^aP < 0.05 vs the model control; ^bP < 0.05 vs ZD1839; ^cP < 0.05 vs low dose of frankincense + myrrh extracts; ^dP < 0.05 vs high dose of frankincense + myrrh extracts.