Role of sex on psychological distress, quality of life, and coping of patients with advanced colorectal and non-colorectal cancer

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v14.i10.2025

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Oct 15, 2022; 14(10): 2025-2037
Published online Oct 15, 2022. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i10.2025

Table 2 Univariate general linear model for predicting psychological distress, quality of life, and coping strategies by tumor and sex

Scales	Colorectal cancer, n = 101		Non-colorectal digestive cancer, n = 102		ANOVA results, F
Scales	Men, mean (SD)	Women, mean (SD)	Men, mean (SD)	Women, mean (SD)	Tumor × sex	Tumor	Sex
Psych. distress (BSI)¹
Somatization	62.0 (6.3)	64.1 (8.0)	63.9 (6.7)	66.3 (8.1)	0.021	3.963	5.044
Depression	60.3 (6.6)	65.0 (6.6)	60.1 (5.5)	62.9 (7.5)	0.923	1.423	15.747
Anxiety	61.9 (7.8)	65.8 (8.3)	61.9 (6.8)	66.0 (8.3)	0.030	0.011	12.818
Quality of life (EORTC-QLQ-C30)²
Functional scale	79.6 (17.4)	62.3 (23.0)	70.8 (22.6)	60.8 (24.0)	1.427	2.781	19.697
Symptom scale	24.4 (22.9)	29.8 (19.4)	28.6 (17.8)	40.0 (22.1)	1.044	6.067	8.154
Health status scale	67.6 (22.6)	53.7 (27.9)	51.9 (23.5)	55.1 (32.8)	5.185	3.547	2.059
Coping with cancer (M-MAC)²
Helplessness	24.0 (22.9)	25.0 (21.9)	25.9 (22.8)	28.6 (25.6)	0.069	0.696	0.288
Anxious preoccupation	46.2 (24.4)	51.4 (18.8)	43.8 (19.0)	54.4 (23.6)	0.800	0.008	6.722
Positive attitude	83.4 (16.5)	76.8 (18.1)	79.2 (15.8)	74.9 (22.9)	0.186	1.364	4.389
Cognitive avoidance	66.6 (27.3)	60.6 (21.6)	64.3 (24.5)	60.2 (27.1)	0.036	0.192	1.758

¹T score.

²Scale from 0 to 100.

ANOVA: Analysis of variance; BSI: Brief Symptom Inventory; EORTC-QLQ-C30: European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire; M-MAC: Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer; SD: Standard deviation.

Citation: Pacheco-Barcia V, Gomez D, Obispo B, Mihic Gongora L, Hernandez San Gil R, Cruz-Castellanos P, Gil-Raga M, Villalba V, Ghanem I, Jimenez-Fonseca P, Calderon C. Role of sex on psychological distress, quality of life, and coping of patients with advanced colorectal and non-colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14(10): 2025-2037
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v14/i10/2025.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v14.i10.2025