Immunotherapy in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: Pros and cons

Table 1 Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving immunotherapy as a downstaging or bridging approach to liver transplantation

No.	Ref.	Age	Sex	Underlying liver disease	MTD (cm)	Pathology milan in/out	Cycles/duration	Immunotherapy	Days before LT	Post-LT follow-up (mo)	Initial immunosuppression	Rejection
1	Tabrizian et al[6]	69	M	None	10	Milan out within UCSF	21 cycles	Nivolumab	18	23	Tapering steroids + tacrolimus + MMF	No
2	Tabrizian et al[6]	56	F	HCV	5.4	Milan out within UCSF	8 cycles	Nivolumab	22	22	Tapering steroids + tacrolimus + MMF	No
3	Tabrizian et al[6]	58	M	HBV	21	Milan in	32 cycles	Nivolumab	1	22	Tapering steroids + tacrolimus + MMF	No
4	Tabrizian et al[6]	63	M	HCV, HIV	4.4	Milan in	4 cycles	Nivolumab	2	21	Tapering steroids + tacrolimus + MMF	No
5	Tabrizian et al[6]	30	M	HBV	3.2	Milan in	25 cycles	Nivolumab	22	16	Tapering steroids + tacrolimus + MMF	Mild
6	Tabrizian et al[6]	63	M	HBV	2	Milan in	4 cycles	Nivolumab	13	14	Tapering steroids + tacrolimus + MMF	No
7	Tabrizian et al[6]	66	M	HBV	2.5	Milan in	9 cycles	Nivolumab	253	14	Tapering steroids + tacrolimus + MMF	No
8	Tabrizian et al[6]	55	F	HBV	2.8	Milan in	12 cycles	Nivolumab	7	8	Tapering steroids + tacrolimus + MMF	No
9	Tabrizian et al[6]	53	F	NASH	8.7	Milan out within UCSF	2 cycles	Nivolumab	30	8	Tapering steroids + tacrolimus + MMF	No
10	Schwacha-Eipper et al[7]	66	M	Alcohol-associated liver cirrhosis	6.4	Milan out	34 cycles	Nivolumab	105	12	NA	No
11	Nordness et al[8]	65	M	HCV	5.5	Milan in	2 yr	Nivolumab	8	Death at day 10	Tacrolimus + MMF + steroids	Yes

M: Male; F: Female; MTD: Max tumor diameter; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis B virus; UCSF: The University of California San Francisco criteria; LT: Liver transplantation; NASH: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; MMF: Mycophenolate mofetil; NA: Not available.