Biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma based on body fluids and feces

Table 2 Multiple potential urinary biomarkers used for hepatocellular carcinoma prevention, diagnosis, and recurrence prediction

Function	Ref.	Biomarkers
HCC prevention	Wu et al[73]	8-oxodeoxyguanosine
	Wu et al[74]	15-F2t-isoprostane
	Yuan et al[75]	8-epi-prostaglandin F2α
	Mahmoud et al[76]	8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine
Detection/diagnosis	Abdalla and Haj-Ahmad[77]	DJ-1, Chromatin Assembly Factor-1, Heat Shock Protein 60
	Zhan et al[78]	AFP and orosomucoid 1
	Zhao et al[79]	7 urinary protein features
	Ladep et al[80]	A panel including inosine, indole-3-acetate, galactose, and N-acetylated amino acid
	Abdalla and Haj-Ahmad[83]	miR-618 and miR-650
	Jeng et al[84]	Adenosine, cytidine, and inosine
Recurrence prediction	Kikuchi et al[85]	Trypsin inhibitor
	Ye et al[86]	Ethanolamine, lactic acid, acotinic acid, phenylalanine and ribose

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein.