Predictive factors for early distant metastasis after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer

Table 3 Pretreatment prognostic factors by univariate analysis

Characteristics	n	LRC		DMFS		DFS		OS
		Hazard ratio (95%CI)	P value	Hazard ratio (95%CI)	P value	Hazard ratio (95%CI)	P value	Hazard ratio (95%CI)	P value
Grade
Well differentiated	46	1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Moderately differentiated	78	1.202 (0.300-4.810)	0.795	2.175 (0.606-7.806)	0.233	1.799(0.653-4.956)	0.256	4.066 (0.499-33.148)	0.190
Poorly differentiated	3	10.312 (1.070-99.393)	0.044	37.827 (5.655-243.040)	< 0.001	22.809 (4.130-125.954)	< 0.001	67.489 (3.594-1267.323)	0.005
Tumor location
Distal	44	1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Mid	48	1.785 (0.327-9.746)	0.527	1.439 (0.344-6.023)	0.618	1.817 (0.547-6.039)	0.330	3.244 (0.362-29.048)	0.293
Proximal	35	1.781 (0.297-10.659)	0.504	3.539 (0.936-13.380)	0.063	3.223 (1.009-10.290)	0.048	6.479 (0.755-55.611)	0.088
Tumor size
≤ 5 cm	105	1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)
> 5 cm	22	4.173 (1.120-15.551)	0.033	4.224 (1.569-11.372)	0.004	5.909 (2.555-13.670)	< 0.001	4.224 (1.569-11.372)	0.004
MRF involvement
No	118	1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Yes	9	2.860 (0.355-23.016)	0.323	19.532 (4.787-79.695)	< 0.001	16.082 (5.022-51.503)	< 0.001	19.532 (4.787-79.695)	< 0.001
T3 substage
T3a or b	46	1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)
T3c or d	48	70.381 (0.053-94343.482)	0.247	5.272 (1.073-25.898)	0.041	7.852 (1.710-36.052)	0.008	5.272 (1.073-25.898)	0.041
EMVI1
No	50	1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Yes	41	11.428 (1.402-93.177)	0.023	4.408 (1.488-13.056)	0.007	4.387 (1.843-12.692)	0.001	4.408 (1.488-13.056)	0.007
Superior rectal lymph node		1.253 (0.973-1.614)	0.081	1.102 (0.870-1.395)	0.420	1.208 (1.005-1.451)	0.044	1.102 (0.870-1.395)	0.420

¹Patients who did not take magnetic resonance image of the rectum were excluded.

MRF: Mesorectal fascia; EMVI: Extramural venous invasion; LRC: Locoregional contro; DMFS: Distant metastasis-free survival; DFS: Disease-free survival; OS: Overall survival.