Efficacy and safety of grasping forceps-assisted endoscopic resection for gastric neoplasms: A multi-centre retrospective study

Table 2 Comparison of baseline clinicopathologic characteristics between grasping forceps assisted endoscopic resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection groups for small lesions (defined as ≤ 10 mm in diameter)

	GF-ER	ESD	P value
Age, yr
Median (IQR)	67.5 (54-80)	75.5 (66-79)	0.39
Sex, n
Male	4 (66.7)	16 (80.0)	0.60
Female	2 (33.3)	4 (20.0)
Morphology, n (%)
Flat or depressed	4 (57.1)	16 (80.0)	0.33
Elevated	3 (42.9)	4 (20.0)
Ulceration, n (%)
Presence	0 (0)	1 (5.0)	1.0
Absence	7 (100)	19 (95.0)
Tumor size, mm
Median (IQR)	6.0 (4-8)	6.5 (5-9)	0.45
Tumor depth, n (%)
Mucosa	4 (57.1)	18 (90.0)	0.09
Submucosa	3 (42.9)	2 (10.0)
Histology, n (%)
Differentiated	7 (100)	17 (85.0)	1.0
Undifferentiated	0 (0)	3 (15.0)

P values were calculated using Fisher’s exact test for categorical data and Mann-Whitney U test for continuous data. GF-ER: Grasping forceps assisted endoscopic resection; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; IQR: Interquartile range.