BRAFV600E mutant colorectal cancer cells mediate local immunosuppressive microenvironment through exosomal long noncoding RNAs

Figure 4 Effect of exosomes derived from BRAF^V600E mutant colorectal cancer cells on the phenotype and secretion function of tumor-associated macrophages and cancer-associated fibroblasts. A: Effect of silencing BRAF gene on expression of CD163 in macrophages induced by exosomes derived from BRAF^V600E mutant colorectal cancer cells; B: ELISA was used to detect expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in the supernatant of THP-1 cells; C: Western blotting was used to detect expression of FAP and α-SMA in MRC-5 cells; D: ELISA was used to detect expression of IL-6, TGF-β1, and vascular endothelial growth factor in the supernatant of MRC-5 cells. ^aP < 0.05. VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; IL: Interleukin; TGF: Transforming growth factor.