Colorectal cancer in Arab world: A systematic review

Table 1 Summary of included studies

Ref.	Year	Country	Study type	Number of participants	Population	Age	Male	Female	Prevalence	Incidence	Diagnostic test	Period of assessment	Affected colon segment
Salih et al[6]	2014	Saudi Arabia	Retrospective case–control study	1600	General	49 (32-62)	No data		0.72% (12/1600)	No	Colonoscopy and biopsy	No data	No data
Rasul et al[7]	2001	Qatar	Retrospective analysis	45	CRC patients attended to Hamad General Hospital	Mean 57.1, Range 33-83	26	19	No data	24pts/year. Average annual incidence 7.5/100000/year	Biopsy	1994 to 1998	Descending 55.5% and rectum 24%
Ibrahim et al[8]	2008	Saudi Arabia	Retrospective	No data	No data	No data	No data	No data	No data	Age-standardized rate for incidence in 2003 is 36.90 for males, 26.50 for females, and 30.49 for both sexes	No data	1994 to 2003	No data
Gado et al[9]	2014	Egypt	Descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study.	412	Colonoscopies for symptomatized patients	Mean 51. Range 16–80	No data	56% of patient	57 (14%) Peak frequencies were in the 5th and 7th. Decade, 25% of cancers occurred in patients aged less than 40 yr	No data	Colonoscopy and biopsy	2000-2012	(53%) in the left colon (sigmoid colon, descending colon and splenic flexure) and (16%) in the rectum, (32%) in the proximal colon (cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure and transverse colon, Synchronous tumors in (2%)
Ibrahim et al[10]	2014	Egypt	Retrospective	No data	Colonoscopies	No data	No data	No data	No data	Crude rate in males is: 3.1 for colon and 1 for Rectal cancer. While in females: 2.3 for colon cancer and 0.8 for rectal cancer	No data	2008 to 2011	No data
Elwassief et al[11]	2015	Egypt	Questionnaire	547	Relatives of CRC patients	49 ± 9	335	212	2 (0.4%)	No data	Colonscopy and biopsy	No data	Distal
Gado et al[12]	2016	Egypt	Retrospective	286	Colonoscopies, 96.5% of cases had symptoms	25.1 ± 22	153	133	27 (9.4%)	No data	Colonscopy and biopsy	2010-2014	No data
Fayadh et al[13]	2019	United Arab Emerate (UAE)	8 yr observational study	7540	Colonoscopies	Average age (53), 46% of cancers below age 50 and 14% below the age of 40 years	No data	No data	69 (0.78%)	No data	Colonoscopy	2012-2019	No data
Almatroudi[14]	2020	Saudi Arabia	Retrospective analysis of Saudi MOH registry data	13013	General	No data	7116 (4157 colon cancer and 2959 rectal cancer)	5897	No data	In 2016 CIR in females for colon cancer is 3.6 and for rectal cancer is 2.1 while in males is 3.3 for colon cancer and 2.8 for rectal cancer	No data	2006 to 2016	Rectum, colon

MOH: Ministry of health; CIR: Crude incidence rate.