Lateral pelvic lymph nodes for rectal cancer: A review of diagnosis and management

Table 1 Studies of magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis and criteria for lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis

Ref.	Patients	Accuracy	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	Criteria
Kim et al[22], 1999	8				12.5%		> 1.2 cm
Kim et al[23], 2000	14				29%		> 10 mm
Arii et al[24], 2006	53	83%	56%	97%	91%	81%	> 7 mm
							Round shape
Matsuoka et al[25], 2007	51	78%	67%	83%			≥ 5 mm (short-axis)
							Ovoid shape
Min et al[26], 2009	66				86.4%		> 1.0 cm, > 0.5 cm (short-axis)
							Spiculated or indistinct borders, mottled heterogenic pattern
Akasu et al[27], 2009	104	87%	87%	87%	52%	97%	≥ 4 mm (short-axis)
Lim et al[28], 2013	67				39.0%		≥ 5 mm (short-axis)
							Spiculated or indistinct border, mottled heterogenic pattern
Akiyoshi et al[29], 2015	77		68%	85%			≥ 8 mm (short-axis)
Ishibe et al[30], 2016	84	88.1%	43.8%	98.5%	87.5%	88.1	≥ 10 mm (short-axis)
Lee et al[33], 2019	37		85.7%	84.0%	12.5%	99.5%	≥ 7 mm (short-axis)
Ogawa et al[35], 2016	268 (right)	77.6%	68.6%	79.7%	44.3%	91.5%	≥ 5 mm (short-axis)
	280 (left)	79.3%	70.8%	81.0%	43.6%	93.1%

NPV: Negative predictive value; PPV: Positive predictive value.