Robotic- vs laparoscopic-assisted proctectomy for locally advanced rectal cancer based on propensity score matching: Short-term outcomes at a colorectal center in China

Table 1 Patient's clinicopathological features in the robotic assisted proctectomy and laparoscopic assisted proctectomy groups for locally advanced rectal cancer

Features	RAP (n = 293)	LAP (n = 293)	P value
Gender			0.8671
Male	168 (57.3)	170 (58.0)
Female	125 (42.7)	123 (42.0)
Age, yr	60 ± 12, 61 (26-89)	60 ± 11, 60 (29-86)	0.9693
Body mass index, kg/m2	23.16 ± 2.51	23.23 ± 2.48	0.7212
Serum CEA level, ng/mL	14.3 ± 46.7, 4.9 (0.8-760.3)	14.5 ± 30.9, 5.8 (0.2-412.8)	0.4293
Type of resection			0.2641
Dixon	240 (81.9)	250 (85.3)
Miles	53 (18.1)	43 (14.7)
pTNM			0.6861
II	64 (21.8)	60 (20.5)
III	229 (78.2)	233 (79.5)
ASA classification			0.5601
1	144 (49.1)	149 (50.9)
2	104 (35.5)	106 (36.9)
3	45 (15.4)	36 (12.3)
Diameter of neoplasm, cm	4.2 ± 1.5, 4.0 (0.2-10.0)	4.3 ± 1.3, 4.3 (0.3-9.0)	0.5543
Distance of tumor and anal, cm4	6.7 ± 2.8, 7.0 (2.0-14.0)	6.8 ± 2.8, 7.0 (2.0-14.0)	0.5753

¹Pearson's Chi-squared test, expressed as n (%).

²Student’s t-test, expressed as mean ± SD.

³Mann–Whitney U test, expressed as mean ± SD and median (range).

⁴The distance between the inferior margin of tumor and the anal verge. ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; LAP: Laparoscopic assisted proctectomy; RAP: Robotic assisted proctectomy; SD: Standard deviation; TNM: Tumor node metastasis staging.